Systematic analysis of output pathways in the circadian rhythms of Drosophila

最近对果蝇的分子遗传学研究已经发现了几个与昼夜节律有关的基因。这些基因定义了一个基于转录翻译的负反馈循环。我们克隆了果蝇的隐花色素基因，并阐明了其作为昼夜节律光受体分子的作用，以寻找与输入输出途径相关的新基因。我们用抗哭声抗体揭示了它在果蝇脑中的表达，也揭示了它在蝇中的表达。我们发现，CREY在外侧神经元中表达，而其他时钟基因在每天的周期中表达。我们使用高密度寡核苷酸探针阵列(基因芯片)对果蝇所有基因的基因表达进行了分析。综上所述，我们发现了712个基因在明暗条件下表现出每日波动，其中115个基因仍在自由运行条件下循环。

Recent molecular genetic studies in Drosophila have led to identification of several genes involved in circadian rhythms. These genes define a transcription-translation-based negative feedback loop. To identify novel genes implicated in input and output pathway, we have cloned a cryptochrome gene in Drosophila and clarified its role as a putative circadian photoreceptor molecule. We used anti-CRY antibody to reveal its expression in the brain of Drosophila and also in Musca. We found that CRY is expressed in lateral neurons where the other clock genes are expressed in a daily cycle. We used a high-density oligonucleotide probe array (GeneChip) to profile gene expression of all the genes in Drosophila. In summary we found 712 genes showing a daily fluctuation under light-dark conditions and among these 115 genes was still cycling in a freerunning conditions.