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Optical study of neural-complex adaptive systems

神经复合自适应系统的光学研究

基本信息

批准号：
11694252
负责人：
SAKAI Tetsuro
金额：
$ 6.21万
依托单位：
Tokyo Medical and Dental University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to characterize the integrative properties of the neuronal systems that are distributed, rather than those which are properties of individual cells. We will specifically focus on those properties which relate to interactions among the component neurons. The technology best suited for carrying out these studies is multiple-site optical recording using voltage-sensitive dyes, which can provide high resolution (temporal and spatial) views of neuronal activity throughout a nervous system. The proposed experiments take advantage of the special expertise, facilities, and different preparations used in the laboratories of the group in order to identify basic principles by which networks integrate neuronal information. "Distributed processing" has been used to label several phenomena. First, it can refer to instances where large numbers of neurons in one or several regions (ganglia) of a central nervous system are involved in generating each behavior. Second, it may refer to situations where individual neurons are multifunctional : each cell is involved in the discrimination of more than one sensory input or the generation of more than one behavioral output. Third, distributed processing refers to situations where synaptic strengths of the connections between neurons are low and activity in many excitory and inhibitory inputs are evaluated in determining the output of each individual neuron. The experiments in this study examined all three aspects of the distributed processing.

这项研究的目的是描述分布的神经元系统的综合属性，而不是那些属于单个细胞的属性。我们将特别关注那些与组成神经元之间的相互作用相关的属性。最适合进行这些研究的技术是使用电压敏感染料的多点光学记录，它可以提供整个神经系统神经元活动的高分辨率(时间和空间)视图。拟议的实验利用了该小组实验室中使用的特殊专业知识、设施和不同的准备工作，以确定网络整合神经元信息的基本原则。“分布式处理”已经被用来给几种现象贴上标签。首先，它可以指中枢神经系统的一个或几个区域(神经节)中的大量神经元参与产生每种行为。其次，它可以指单个神经元具有多功能的情况：每个细胞都参与了对多个感觉输入或多个行为输出的辨别。第三，分布式处理是指神经元之间连接的突触强度较低，在确定每个神经元的输出时评估许多兴奋性和抑制性输入的活动的情况。本研究中的实验考察了分布式处理的所有三个方面。