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Genome rearrangements and gene regulation in higher plants

高等植物的基因组重排和基因调控

基本信息

批准号：
12440213
负责人：
IIDA Shigeru
金额：
$ 9.86万
依托单位：
Natiomal Institute of Basic Biology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The Japanese morning glory (lpomoea nil) displaying blue flowers has an extensive history of genetic and physiological studies. A number of its spontaneous mutants related to the flower colors have been isolated, and several lines of evidence indicate that an En/Spm-related transposable element Tpn 1 and its relatives are major sources of these spontaneous mutations. Indeed, many flower color mutants including white flower mutants are caused by integration of Tpn 1-related non-autonomous elements. One of them is a purple-mutable allele conferring purple flowers with blue spots and sectors. The purple gene was identified to encode a vacuolar Na^+/H^+ exchanger that is responsible for increase vacuolar pH for blue flower coloration.The mutable flaked line of the common morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea) displays white flowers with colored flakes, and the flaked mutation is caused by the insertion of a transposable element Tip 100 into the CHS-D gene for anthocyanin biosynthesis. The 3.9 kb Tip 100 element belongs to the AciDs family. We examined whether Tip 100 is an autonOmous element capable of transposition in heterologous tobacco plants. The intact Tip 100 element was able to excise from its original position in an introduced vector and to reinsert into new sites in the tobacco genome, whereas its internal deletion derivative was not. Based on these results, we concluded that Tip 100 is an autonomous element.The modification of targeted chromosomal genes through homologous recombination is a powerful tool of reverse genetics for characterizing gene functions. We are trying to develop a procedure for targeted gene disruption by homologous recombination in the single locus gene Waxy of rice. A transgenic rice plant having a targeted gene disrupted by a transgene was isolated, which appears to be a heterozygote with only one copy of the integrated transgene in its genome.

日本的牵牛花（lpomoea nil）显示蓝色的花朵有着广泛的遗传和生理研究历史。已分离出许多与花色相关的自发突变体，多条证据表明En/Spm相关的转座因子Tpn 1及其亲属是这些自发突变的主要来源。事实上，许多花色突变体包括白色花突变体是由Tpn 1相关的非自主元件整合引起的。其中一个是紫色突变等位基因，赋予紫色花蓝色斑点和扇区。紫色基因编码一种液泡Na^+/H^+交换器，该交换器负责增加液泡pH值以使花呈蓝色。普通牵牛（Ipomoea purpurea）的突变型片状系显示带彩色片状的白色花，该片状突变是由于转座元件Tip 100插入到花色素苷生物合成的CHS-D基因中引起的。3.9 kb的Tip 100元件属于AciDs家族。我们研究了Tip 100是否是一个能够在异源烟草植物中转座的自主元件。完整的Tip 100元件能够从其在引入的载体中的原始位置切除并重新插入烟草基因组中的新位点，而其内部缺失衍生物则不能。提示Tip 100是一个自主元件，通过同源重组对目的染色体基因进行修饰是反向遗传学研究基因功能的有力工具。我们正在尝试开发一种通过同源重组的方法来破坏水稻单位点基因WdR的靶基因。分离了具有被转基因破坏的靶基因的转基因水稻植物，其似乎是在其基因组中仅具有一个拷贝的整合的转基因的杂合子。