New methods for gene identification based on genomic analysis and their application for molecular breeding in plants.

日本牵牛花（Ipomoea nil）显示蓝色的花朵，具有广泛的遗传和生理研究历史。已分离出一些与花和叶的颜色和形状有关的自发突变体。一些证据表明，En/Spm相关的转座因子Tpn 1及其亲属是这些自发突变的主要来源。我们开发了一种新的方法来鉴定一个插入Tpn 1及其相关基因的标签，我们称之为简化转座子显示（STD）。随后，我们成功地应用了一个紫色突变等位基因，赋予紫色花蓝色斑点和部门。通过STD鉴定的紫色基因编码一个液泡Na+/H+交换器，该交换器负责增加液泡pH以使蓝色花着色。我们也有康乃馨品种的特点，并成功地确定新的AC/DS相关的转座因子内的花色素苷色素合成的CHI和DFR senes。转座因子整合到这些基因中导致色素表型的改变。我们还能够通过引入CHS或DFR cDNA序列产生显示淡花的新蓝猪耳品种。

The Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil) displaying blue flowers has an extensive history of genetic and physiological studies. A number of its spontaneous mutants related to the colors and shapes of the flowers and leaves have been isolated. Several lines of evidence indicate that an En/Spm-related transposable element Tpn1 and its relatives are major sources of these spontaneous mutations. We have developed a new method to identify a gene tagged by insertion of Tpn1 and its relatives, which we named Simplified Transposon Display (STD). Subsequently, we have successfully applied a purple-mutable allele conferring purple flowers with blue spots and sectors. The purple gene identified by STD was found to encode a vacuolar Na+/H+ exchanger that is responsible for increase vacuolar pH for blue flower coloration. We have also characterized carnation varieties and succeeded to identify new Ac/Ds-related transposable elements within the CHI and DFR senes for anthocyanin pigments biosynthesis. The integration of the transposable elements into these genes result in the altered pigmentation phenotypes. We were also able to generate new torenia varieties displaying pale flowers by introducing the CHS or DFR cDNA sequences.