Analytical studies on the proteins composed of flagella and basal bodies of swarmers of the brown algae.

杂藻群，包括褐藻和金藻，有两个独特的鞭毛，一个长鞭毛和一个短鞭毛。加上这些形态上的差异，这些鞭毛的功能也不同。通过对Ochromonas的同步培养，我们发现鞭毛的复制发生在G2 - M细胞周期，而子基体的形成发生在G1 - s细胞周期。这意味着异种藻鞭毛的复制完全依赖于细胞周期的调节。这一机制与动物细胞的中心体调控十分相似。异种藻的纺锤体形式多种多样，但我们发现鞭毛基体通常存在于纺锤体两极附近，并使用了针对中心蛋白、γ -微管蛋白和微管的抗体。同样在褐藻中，中心体在有丝分裂过程中对细胞器（包括叶绿体）向子细胞的分布起作用。近年来，中心体、中心粒（鞭毛基体）和鞭毛轴突对包括癌症在内的人类疾病的影响已越来越清楚。我们相信，对各种藻类鞭毛和中心体复制以及纺锤体形成的细胞生物学研究也将引起真核细胞的进化以及鞭毛和中心粒的起源的关注。

Swarmers of Heterokonta algae, including brown algae and chrysophyceaen alga Ochromonas have two distinctive flagella, a mastigoneme-bearing long flagellum and a short flagellum. Adding these morphological differences, functions of these flagella are also different. Using synchronized culture of Ochromonas, we found that duplication of the flagellar occurs during G2 - M duding cell cycle, while the formation of daughter basal bodies does during G1 - S. This means that the duplication of flagella of Heterokonta algae is completely dependent to the regulation of the cell cycle. This mechanism is quite similar to the centrosome regulation of animal cells. Various forms of the spindle of Heterokonta algae have been reorted, but we found that basal bodies of flagella are always existed nearby the spindle poles, using antibodies against centrin, gamma-tubulin and microtubules. Also in the case of the brown algae, centrosome functions to the distribution of the cell organella, including chloroplasts, to the daughter cells during mitosis. Recently, it has become clear that centrosome, centriole (=flagellar basal body) and flagellar axomeme affect to the human diseases including cancers. We believe that cell biological studies on the flagellar and centrosomal duplication and the spindle formation using various algae will also attract attentions on the evolution of eukaryotic cells and origin of flagella and centrioles.