Development of high performance CFRP spindle for machine tool applications

为了提高切割速度，需要对机床进行加工。为了满足这样的要求，主轴的旋转不仅要有高速，而且要有高的加速度。本研究的目的是研制一种由复合材料(碳纤维增强塑料)制成的主轴，以实现高转速和低能耗。主要研究成果如下：1.采用有限元方法对复合材料主轴的静刚度、动刚度和热刚度进行了计算。在此基础上，研制了CFP主轴。对主轴的静刚度、固有频率等基本性能进行了测试，并与有限元结果进行了比较。计算值与实测值吻合较好。与传统的金属主轴相比，其比刚度(静刚度/重量)提高了一倍。由于减少了质量，达到最大主轴速度所需的时间可以减少。试验主轴具有极高的阻尼性，能有效地抑制颤振，总结了制造CFRP主轴的重要指导意义。

It is required to machine tools for increasing the cutting speed. To meet such requirement, the main spindle must rotate with not only high speed but also with high acceleration. The aim of this research is to develop the spindle made of composite materials (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) so that the high rotation with small energy consumption can be achieved. The main results are summarized as foliows :1. The static stiffness, the dynamic stiffness, and the thermal stiffness of the spindle made of composite materials were calculated with the Finite Element Method. Based on the results, the CFP spindle was manufactured.2. The fundamental performances of the spindle such as static stiffness and the natural frequency were measured and compared with the FEM results. Satisfactory agreement between the calculated and measured values was obtained.3. The specific stiffness (static stiffness / weight) is doubled compared with the conventional metal spindle.4. Thanks to the reduced mass, the time needed to reach the maximum spindle speed could be decreased.5. The test spindle showed extremely high damping characteristic, which was effective for suppressing the chatter vibration.Important guide for making the CFRP spindle was summarized.