Tribological approach to the analysis of near dry cutting mechanism

从环保的角度出发，对近干式加工工艺给予了特别的关注。在近干式加工过程中，极少量的切削油以加压气流供给切削点。本研究的目的是分析近干加工过程中切削点处的摩擦学现象。该研究从2002年到2004年进行了三年。研究结果总结如下：1)高真空室近干切削条件下的切削试验：为了分析近干切削的摩擦学现象，设计并制造了一种专用的切削试验系统。测试系统可以在高真空或选定的气体中进行切割测试。利用研制的切削试验系统，分析了纯金属表面对酯、氧、氮的吸收。由于氧化层和酯吸收层的润滑作用，碳钢获得了良好的切削条件。对于铝合金，向切削点供应氮气可改善加工性能。2)基本摩擦学性能与实际切削工艺的关系：与单酯相比，聚酯具有更高的润滑性能。切削油对加工性能的影响与对磨损试验结果的影响一致。合成酯油在极少量供油速率下（小于2-30ml/h）具有优异的切削性能。3)特征任务：建议将以下几点作为特征任务。(1)载气与切削油化学反应的详细分析。(2)详细分析了合成酯油结构对切削性能的影响。(3)非合成酯油切削性能的研究。(4)近干式加工在难加工材料上的应用。少

A special attention has been paid to the near-dry machining process from the view point of environmental protection. In the near-dry machining process, the very small amount of cutting oil is supplied to the cutting point with pressurized air flow. The purpose of this research is to analyze the tribological phenomenon at the cutting point under the near-dry machining processes. The research has been carried out for three years from 2002 to 2004. The results obtained through the research are summarized as follows.1)Cutting tests in the high vacuum chamber and under the near-dry cutting condition :In order to analyze the tribological phenomenon of near-dry cutting, a special type of cutting test system was designed and fabricated. The test system enables the cutting tests in high vacuum or selected gas. Using the developed cutting test system, the absorption of ester, oxygen and nitrogen on the pure metal surface was analyzed. The good cutting condition was obtained for the carbon steel … More due to the lubrication effects of the oxidation layer and absorption layer of ester. For the aluminum alloys, the supply of the nitrogen gas to the cutting point improves the machining performances.2)The relation between the basic tribological properties and practical cutting process :The polyester provides higher performance in lubrication comparing with the monoester. The influences of cutting oil on the machining performances coincides with the influences on the results of the wear test. The synthesis ester oil provides an excellent cutting performance at the very small amount of oil supply rate (less than 2-30ml/h).3)Feature tasks :The following points are suggested as feature tasks. (1)The detailed analysis of chemical reaction between the carrier gas and cutting oil. (2)The detailed analysis for the influences of synthesis ester oil structure on the cutting performances. (3)The investigation of the cutting performances using other than the synthesis ester oil. (4)Application of near-dry machining to difficult to machine materials. Less