Central mechanism of visual-vestibular interaction

我们使用正电子发射断层扫描（PET）来研究皮质和皮质下前庭视觉相互作用的相关性。前庭热刺激激活双侧顶下小叶（Brodmann区（BA）40）、左侧后回、右侧中央后回（BA 3/1/2）、右侧楔前叶（BA 7）、右侧梭状回（BA 37/19）、左侧海马回（BA 30）、扣带回前部（BA 24）和左侧尾状核。热性眼震的注视抑制激活了双侧视区（BA 17/18/19/37）、左侧梭状回（BA 20）、双侧颞尖（BA 38）、右侧颞中回（BA 22）和右额眼野周围区（BA 6）。在小脑中，识别出悬雍垂/结节和双侧绒球的激活。前庭活动激活的区域包括左侧中央后回（BA 3/1/2）、右侧前颞叶皮层（BA 38）、左侧舌回（BA 19）和右侧前扣带回（BA 32）以及小脑中的悬雍垂/结节。与热性眼震的居住和固定抑制显示出显著共激活的区域是右前颞叶皮层（BA 38），左舌回（BA 19）和小脑的悬雍垂/结节。双侧顶下小叶（BA 40）和双侧上级颞回（BA 22/42）表现出明显的代码激活和对热性眼震的习惯化和固定抑制。我们的研究结果与以前的观察结果是一致的，并符合预期的前庭信息可以与其他感官和sonsori运动信息。热性眼震的注视抑制和习惯化共同激活了几个区域，这表明这两种调节VOR的机制并不完全独立，但可能共享一些共同的皮质和皮质下区域。

We used positron emission tomography (PET) to investigate cortical and sub-cortical correlates of vestibulo-visual interaction. Caloric vestibular stimulation activated the bilateral inferior parietal lobules (Brodmann area (BA) 40), the left posterior insula, right post-central gyrus (BA 3/1/2), the right precuneus (BA 7), the right fusiform gyrus (BA 37/19), the left hippocampal gyrus (BA 30), the anterior cingulate gyrus (BA 24), and the left caudate nucleus. Fixation suppression of caloric nystagmus activated the bilateral visual areas (BA 17/18/19/37), the left fusiform gyrus (BA 20), the bilateral temporal tips (BA 38), the right middle temporal gyrus (BA22), and the area around the right frontal eye field (BA 6). In the cerebellum, activation of the uvula/nodulus and the bilateral flocculi was identified. The regions that were activated with vestibular habitation were the left post-central gyrus (BA 3/1/2), the right anterior temporal cortex (BA 38), the left lingual gyrus (BA 19), and the right anterior cingulate gyrus (BA 32), and the uvula/nodulus in the cerebellum. The regions that showed significant co-activation with habitation and fixation suppression of caloric nystagmus were the right anterior temporal cortex (BA 38), the left lingual gyrus (BA 19) and the uvula/nodulus of the cerebellum. Regions that showed significant codeactivation with habituation and fixation suppression of caloric nystagmus were the bilateral inferior parietal lobules (BA 40) and the bilateral superior temporal gyrus (BA 22/42). Our results are consistent with previous observations, and are in line with the expectation that vestibular information may be used incorporated with other sensory and sonsori-motor information. Fixation suppression and habituation of caloric nystagmus jointly activated several regions, suggesting that that these two mechanisms that modulate VOR are not completely independent but may share some cortical and sub-cortical regions in common.