Morphology and physiology of the afferent and efferent otolith neurons.

研究了松鼠猴斯卡帕神经节初级前庭传入神经元的细胞色素氧化酶活性。神经元大小与细胞色素氧化酶活性呈负相关。用HRP法观察了豚鼠小囊初级前庭神经元的神经支配模式。不分叉的神经纤维在纹状区与I型毛细胞相连，而不分叉的神经纤维则在整个室斑区与I型和II型毛细胞相连。变异系数越高的不规则放电神经元的倾斜增益越大。在侧倾斜反应神经元中，同侧倾斜神经元数量多于对侧倾斜神经元。研究了一种利用生物细胞素对龙猫前庭末梢器官前庭传入和传出神经元进行特异性标记的方法。在脑干背侧区，支配颞叶神经的前庭传入神经比支配颞叶神经的水平半规管分布更靠后，且主要分布在对侧，而在网状结构中，对侧多发现囊状神经的传入神经，而两侧多发现水平半规管的传入神经。在豚鼠身上研究了热刺激对起源于耳石器官的初级前庭纤维的影响。放电速率增加的神经元对温暖刺激的放电速率增加，而对侧倾斜的神经元对冷刺激的放电速率增加。因此，热量试验不仅检查水平耳道功能，而且检查耳石功能。记录受试者的畸变产物耳声发射（DP-OAE），观察对侧声刺激对其的影响。观察对侧声刺激对DP-OAE的抑制作用。对侧声刺激抑制DP-OAE，前庭神经切除后这种抑制消失。少

Cytochrome oxidase activity of primary vestibular afferent neurons in Scarpa's ganglion of the squirrel monkey was demonstrated. Negative correlation between the size of the neurons and their cytochrome oxidase activities was observed. Innervation patterns of primary vestibular neurons in the guinea pig utricule were examined with HRP method. Nerve fibers which do not bifurcate connect with type I hair cells in the striolar region, while those that do not bifurcate connect with type I and type II hair cells throughout the utricular maculae. Irregularly firing neurons with higher coefficient of variation had higher gain to tilt. Among the lateral tilt reactive neurons, ipsilateral tilt neurons were greater in number than contralateral neurons. A new method was developed for specific labeling of vestibular afferent and efferent neurons from selected vestibular end-organs of chinchillas using biocytin. In the dorsal region of the brainstem, the vestibular efferents that innervated the hor … More izontal semicircular canal were located more caudally than those innervating the saccule and were primarily on the contralateral side, while, in the reticular formation, saccular efferents were found more on the contralateral side and horizontal canal efferents were found bilaterally. The effect of caloric stimulation on the primary vestibular fibers originating from the otolith organ was investigated in the guinea pig. There was a tendency for neurons with increased firing rates increased firing rates to warm stimulation, while those whose rats increased to contralateral tilting had increased rates to cold stimulation. The caloric test thus examines not only the horizontal canal function but also the otolith function. Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DP-OAE) were recorded in human subjects, and the effect of contralateral sound stimulation on them was examined. DP-OAE was suppressed by contralateral sound stimulation on them was examined. DP-OAE was suppressed by contralateral sound stimulation, and this suppression disappeared after vestibular neurectomy. Less