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Phytoremediation by transgenic plants with enhanced ability of sulfur assimilation

具有增强硫同化能力的转基因植物的植物修复

基本信息

批准号：
12470510
负责人：
SAITO Kazuki
金额：
$ 8.51万
依托单位：
CHIBA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Environmental pollution by sulfur-containing compounds is a serious problem for the global environment. In particular, gaseous SO_2, which is emitted mainly by both natural sources and human activities, I. E. combustion of fossil fuels, industrial refining of sulfur-containing ores, influences human health and the global ecological system of animals and plants. Phytoremediation, which uses plants to remove pollutants from the environment, has received wide attention. Cysteine synthase [ο-acetyl-L-serine(thiol)-lyase, EC 4.2.99.8] (Csase) is responsible for the final step in biosynthesis of cysteine. Transgenic tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum) (F_1)plants with enhanced Csase activities both in the cytosol and in the chloroplasts were generated by cross-fertilization of two transformants expressing either cytosolic Csase or chloroplastic Csase. The F_1 transgenic plants were highly tolerant to toxic sulfur dioxide and sulfite. Upon fumigation with 0. lμLL^<-1> sulfur dioxide, both the cysteine and glutathione contents in leaves of F_1 plants were increased significantly, but not in leaves of non-transformed control plants. Furthermore, the leaves of F_1 plants exhibited the increased resistance to paraquat, a herbicide generating active oxygen species. The transgenic Arabidopsis plants over expressing serine acetyltransferase, a key regulatory enzyme of sulfur assimilation, were also generated to examine the resistance to a heavy metal, Cd etc.

含硫化合物对环境的污染是一个严重的全球环境问题。特别是主要由自然源和人类活动排放的气态SO_2，即SO_3、SO_4、SO_3、SO_4、SO_4等。E.化石燃料的燃烧、含硫矿石的工业精炼影响人类健康和全球动植物生态系统。植物修复是利用植物去除环境中污染物的一种方法，受到了广泛的关注。半胱氨酸合酶[o-乙酰基-L-丝氨酸（硫醇）-裂解酶，EC 4.2.99.8]（Csase）负责半胱氨酸生物合成的最后一步。通过将胞质Csase和叶绿体Csase基因分别表达的两个转基因烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）杂交，获得了胞质和叶绿体Csase活性均增强的转基因烟草（F_1）植株。F_1代转基因植株对有毒的二氧化硫和亚硫酸盐有很强的耐受性。在熏蒸0。1 μ L·L <-1>~（-1）SO_2胁迫下，F_1代植株叶片中半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽含量显著增加，而未转化的对照植株叶片中半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽含量无显著变化。此外，F_1代植株对产生活性氧的除草剂百草枯的抗性增强。同时，我们还获得了过量表达硫同化关键调控酶丝氨酸乙酰转移酶的转基因拟南芥植株，以检测其对重金属Cd等的抗性。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（26）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Masaaki Noji, et al.: "Cysteine synthase overexpression in tobacco confers tolerance to sulfur-containing environmental pollutants"Plant Physiol.. 126. 973-980 (2001)

Masaaki Noji 等人：“烟草中半胱氨酸合成酶的过度表达赋予对含硫环境污染物的耐受性”Plant Physiol.. 126. 973-980 (2001)

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Masaaki Noji, et al.: "Molecular and biochemical analysis of serine acetyltransferase and cysteine synthase towards sulfur metabolic engineering in plants"Amino Acids. 22. 231-243 (2002)

Masaaki Noji 等人：“植物中硫代谢工程的丝氨酸乙酰转移酶和半胱氨酸合酶的分子和生化分析”氨基酸。

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Masami Yokota Hirai, Toru Fujiwara, Motoko Awazuhara, Tomoko Kimura, Masaaki Noji and Kazuki Saito: "Global expression profiling of sulfur-starved Arabidopsis by DMA macroarray reveals the role of ο-acetyl-L-serine as a general regulator of gene expressio

Masami Yokota Hirai、Toru Fujiwara、Motoko Awazuhara、Tomoko Kimura、Masaaki Noji 和 Kazuki Saito：“通过 DMA 宏阵列对硫饥饿的拟南芥进行全局表达谱分析，揭示了 ο-乙酰基-L-丝氨酸作为基因表达通用调节因子的作用。