Research on mechanism for localization of atherosis by micromechanical analysis of vascular endothelial cell

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Although the content of blood and blood pressure show only small difference in every portion in the body, pathological study revealed that atherosclerotic plague is localized at curvature or bifurcation of artery, and thus local blood flow condition has been given attention as a mechanism for localozation of initiation and progression of athrosclerosis. As an initial process of atherogenosis, it has been speculated that monocyte invades into space under vascular endothelial cell, and becomes macrophage to take oxidized LDL and thus form atherosclerotic plague. However, only little is revealed about interaction especially mechanical interaction between monocyte and vascular endothelial cell. In this study we analyzed the movement and viscoelastic property of endothelial cell. In addition, we examined the change of stress fiber and focal adhesion kinase within endothelial cell. Finally we observed how monocyte invades into space under endothelial cell three-dimensionaly and sequentiallyAfter attachment of monocyte on the endothelial cell, the distance between endothelial cell and substrate increased, but cell to cell distance did no change. The elasticity of endothelial cell was decreased by the attachment of monocyte. The attachment of monocyte decreased stress fiber and focal adhesion kinase within endothelial cell. The monocyte began to move into space under endothelial cell immediately after attachment onto endothelial cell and after 30 minutes movement became steady processWe conclude that vascular endothelial cell becomes permissive state for monocyte to invade into space under endothelial cell, and monocyte moves quickly after attachment