Analysis of Interaction between Local Blood Flow and Vascular Endothelial Cell by High Speed Three Demensional Dynamic Image Analyzer

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Although there are many studies by using molecular biology of receptor, lipid metabolism and pathological analysis to analyze the initiation and evolution of atherosclerosis, there are only few studies about the mechanism of localization of atherosclerosis. As one of the characteristic features of atherosclerosis is its localization to curvature or bifurcation of artery, recently many researchers pay attention to the local blood flow structure as an initiator of atherosclerosis. In this study we focused on the function of vascular endothelial cell and interaction of endothelial cell and monocyte, and analyzed the initial process, which leads the localization of atherosclerosis. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was stained with fluorescent labeled antibody, and nitric oxide (NO) production was visualized fluorescence material DAF2. The eNOS expression and NO production was reduced and heterogeneous at the bifurcation of renal artery from aorta, where atherosclerosis is prone … More to occur. On the other hand, the expression of cell adhesion molecule was increased at the atherosclerosis-prone area. NO prevents adhesion of platelets and suppress the growth of vascular smooth muscle, and thus inhibits the initiation of atherosclerosis. We analyzed the effect of adhesion of monocyte to endothelial cell motion by the electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system (ECIS). Within one hour after monocyte adhesion to interleukin stimulated endothelial cell, the impedance decreased substantially. This decrease of impedance is mainly due to the increase off cell to substrate space, not to the increase of cell to cell space. We conclude that the local blood flow condition may initiate atherosclerosis via the decrease of NO production due to the decreased expression of eNOS and the increase of monocyte adhesion due to the increase of the expression of adhesion molecule. The monocyte loosens the attachment of endothelial cell to the substrate via the signal transduction system. Less