Development of hyper-spectral imaging system for diagnosis of growth and photosynthetic reactions

在这项研究中，高光谱成像系统的诊断生长和光合作用的发展。利用该系统测量的550 nm和900 nm波段图像的波段比，对不同施肥水平下田间小麦植株的生长和叶绿素含量进行了估算。同时，利用荧光光谱技术，可以无损地远程获取植物叶片的色素、细胞结构、生理功能等信息。利用三维荧光分光光度计测量了黑暗条件下水分胁迫下菠菜叶片的激发-发射矩阵，并分析了这些矩阵随时间的变化。F450/F680和F450/F725在短波长紫外光（如330 nm）激发下，适合于检测菠菜叶片相对含水量的变化。利用自行研制的叶绿素荧光成像系统，研究了土壤施用型尿素除草剂对黄瓜光合作用的影响。叶进行了分析。通过叶绿素荧光诱导（CFI）方法拍摄的叶绿素荧光强度变化（CFI）图像检测损伤区域初级电子传递的抑制。NPQ（非光化学猝灭）和Yield（光系统II光化学效率）图像由通过饱和脉冲方法拍摄的荧光图像计算。NPQ在受害区域大大降低，NPQ图像可用于量化光合伤害。然而，产量的降低并没有像同化率的降低那么多。这表明产量图像不适合诊断除草剂引起的附着植物叶片的光合损伤。

In this research, hyper-spectral imaging systems for diagnosis of growth and photosynthesis were developed. Growth and chlorophyll contents of wheat plants growing in field areas with different fertilizer application were estimated by the band ratio of 550 nm and 900 nm images measured using this system. Meanwhile, a fluorescence spectrometry is used to non-destructively and remotely obtain information on pigments, cell structure, physiological functions of plant leaves. Excitation-emission matrices of water-stressed spinach leaves in the dark were measured by a 3-D fluorescence spectrophotometer, and changes with time of these matrices were analyzed. F450/F680 and F450/F725 excited by short-wavelength ultraviolet rays (for example, 330nm) were suitable to detect changes of relative water content in spinach leaves. Using a developed chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence imaging system, the photosynthetic effects of a commercially available soil-application type urea herbicide on attached Cucumis sativus L. leaves were analyzed. The inhibitions of primary electron transport in injured areas were detected from Chl fluorescence induction (CFI) images (Changes in intensity of Chl fluorescence during dark-light transition) taken by the CFI method. NPQ (non-photochemical quenching) and Yield (photosystem II photochemical efficiency) images were calculated from fluorescence images taken by the saturation pulse method. NPQ was reduced greatly in injured areas and NPQ images were useful to quantify the photosynthetic injuries. However, Yield was not reduced as much as the decrease in assimilation rate. This showed that Yield images were not suitable for diagnosis of the photosynthetic injuries of attached plant leaves caused by the herbicide.