HCG β molecules and the glycosyl-transferase gene study of chorionic diseases with high incidence in the South East Asia

绒毛恶性变随着糖链结构和绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）生物活性的改变而引起包虫状痣或绒毛膜癌。在日本，这类疾病的发病率呈下降趋势；我们与泰国玛希隆大学医学院内科部建立了合作研究项目。然而，研究案例的数量并不多。糖链结构通过等电聚焦、唾液酸含量、去糖苷酶研究和凝集素亲和力研究进行了分析。此外，还分析了糖基转移酶的基因表达。据报道，这些疾病表现为严重的甲状腺功能亢进。然而，我们的病例被分为甲亢组和非甲亢组。等电聚焦显示，中性区hCG分子较多的患者表现为甲亢，而强酸性区hCG分子较多的患者未表现为甲亢。唾液酸酶处理诱导酸性分子向中性区域移动，说明酸性区域的hCG分子中含有较多的唾液酸分子。同样，RT-PCR研究证实，酸性区分子较多的绒毛表达较多唾液酸酶基因。

Villous malignant change brings about hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma with the change of sugar chain structures and bioactivity of hCG, As In Japan, the cases of these diseases have been decreasing; we have constructed the cooperative research projects, as a counterpart, with the Department of Internal Medicine Mahidol University Medical School, Thai Land. However, the number of the studied cases is not so many. Sugar chain structures had been analyzed by Isoelectrofocussing, sialic acid content, deglycosidase study, and affinity study to lectins. In addition, the gene expression of glycosyl-transferases was analyzed. These diseases are reported to show severe hyperthyroidism. Our cases were, however, divided into hyperthyroidism and not hyperthyroidism groups. Isoelectrofocussing disclosed that the cases with much hCG molecules with neutral regions showed hyperthyroidism and those with strong acidic regions did not show that. Sialidase treatment induced the acidic molecules moving into the neutral region, suggesting the hCG molecules of acidic regions having much sialic acid molecules. Similarly, RT-PCR study confirmed that the villi with much acidic region molecules expressed much expression of sialidase genes.