Temporal dynamics of knowledge acquisition and its modelling

知识获取的时间动态及其建模

• 批准号: 13410037
• 负责人: MATSUDA Fumiko
• 金额: $ 6.98万
• 依托单位: HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13410037/
• 关键词: scientific knowledge; time. distance, and speed; workine memory; distribution of attention; implicit perceptual learning; 事象関連電位

[Modelling of knowledge acquisition] In this project Matsuda conducted longitudinal and cross-sectional survey and revealed the process of human knowledge acquisition and its mechanism in terms of development of knowledge on time, distance, speed relationships. Matsuda also conducted experimental works to compare the acquisition processes of temporal and spatial knowledge. Another experiments compared the processes of development in knowledge acquisition of relationships between time, distance and speed in school children.[Knowledge acquisition and meta-cognition ] Yuzawa observed the process of changes in meta-cognition and strategies in pre-school children. This study dealt with physical and social environment that enhances acquisition of knowledge on scientific, and mathematical concepts. In one of the studies, for example, Yuzawa observed pre-school children who compared diagrams in terms of their sizes. The results showed that the proportion of children who chose appropriate strat … More egies and performed correct comparison as the age increases. Yuzawa's project showed dynamic relationships between physical environment, meta-cognition, and knowledge acquisition.[Reading and working memory] Chujo and Nakao examined the effect of working memory capacity on reading by using eye movement recording. The investigators measured working memory capacity by reading span test and tested if it correlates with the patterns in eye movement while reading. The results showed that the readers who have small working capacity frequently produced saccadic eye movements that stay only brief moment as reading proceeds, suggesting importance of working memory on knowledge acquisition.[Attentional distribution and implicit learning] Miyatani and Kawahara explored human ability to acquire layouts of items distributed spatially and for temporally by using contextual cueing paradigm. The results revealed that the participants could obtain those spatio-temporal contexts and utilise them for cognitive operations such as visual search. Less

【知识获取的模型化】松田先生在本项目中进行了纵向和横向调查，从知识的发展的时间、距离、速度关系等方面揭示了人类知识获取的过程及其机制。松田还进行了实验工作，比较时间和空间知识的获取过程。另一个实验比较了学龄儿童在时间、距离和速度之间的关系的知识获得的发展过程。【知识的获得和元认知】汤泽观察了学龄前儿童的元认知和策略的变化过程。这项研究涉及的物理和社会环境，提高科学知识的获取，数学概念。例如，在其中一项研究中，Yuzawa观察了学龄前儿童，他们比较了图表的大小。结果表明，选择适宜策略的儿童所占比例明显高于不选择策略的儿童 ...更多信息 并随着年龄的增长进行正确的比较。Yuzawa的项目显示了物理环境，元认知和知识获取之间的动态关系。[阅读和工作记忆]中条和中尾使用眼动记录检查了工作记忆容量对阅读的影响。研究人员通过阅读广度测试来测量工作记忆容量，并测试它是否与阅读时的眼动模式相关。结果表明，工作容量小的阅读者在阅读过程中频繁产生短暂的扫视眼动，提示工作记忆在知识获取中的重要性。[注意力分配与内隐学习] Miyatani和Kawahara通过使用上下文提示范式探索了人类获得空间和时间分布的项目布局的能力。结果表明，参与者可以获得这些时空背景，并利用它们进行认知操作，如视觉搜索。少

项目成果

Kawahara, J.: "Facilitation of local information processing in the attentional blink as indexed by shooting line illusion."Psychological Research. 66. 116-123 (2002)

Kawahara, J.：“以射击线错觉为索引，促进注意力眨眼中的局部信息处理。”心理学研究。

Kawahara, J.: "The effect of observer's set on the processing of temporally distributed items."Japanese Psychological Research. 45. 109-114 (2003)

Kawahara, J.：“观察者设定对时间分布项目处理的影响。”日本心理学研究。

Matsuda, F.: "Relations of time management ability to self-efficacy, metacognitive ability, and time anxiety"Hiroshima Psychological Research. 2. 85-94 (2002)

松田 F.：“时间管理能力与自我效能、元认知能力和时间焦虑的关系”广岛心理学研究。

Matsuda, F.: "Knowledge and planning in duration judgments in two moving objects"Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Part III (Education and Human Science). 51. 181-186

松田F.：“两个移动物体的持续时间判断中的知识和规划”广岛大学教育研究生院通报，第三部分（教育和人文科学）。

Miyake, M.: "Effects of generalized self-efficacy and negative social comparison feedback on specific self-efficacy and performance"Psychological Reports. 90. 301-308 (2002)

Miyake, M.：“广义自我效能感和负面社会比较反馈对特定自我效能感和表现的影响”心理学报告。