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Comparative genetics of pigmentation patterns due to multiple alleles at the C gene in cultivated rice

栽培稻 C 基因多个等位基因引起的色素沉着模式的比较遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
13460001
负责人：
SANO Yoshio
金额：
$ 10.11万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13460001/
关键词：
Rice Anthocyanin C gene Multiple alleles Genealogy MYB protein Allelic diversity Nonsynomynous substiturion ネットワーク

项目摘要

Diverged phenotypes is often detected in domesticated plants despite invariant phenotypes in their wild forms. One of an example in rice is observed in varying degrees of apiculus coloration due to anthocyanin pigmentation which was previously reported to be caused by a series of alleles in the C locus. The present study revealed, based on their comparative map, that a possible candidate of the C gene is the rice homologue (OsCl) of the maize Cl that belongs to the group of R2R3-Myb factors. Two different types of deletions causing a frameshift were detected in the 3rd exon and both the deleted nucleotides were corresponding to the positions of putative base-contacting residues, suggesting that Indica and Japocia types carries mutations of loss of function with their independent origins. In addition, replacement substitutions were frequently detected in OsCl of strains carrying the previously defined C alleles. Molecular population analysis revealed that 17 haplotypes were found in 39 wild and cultivated rice and haplotypes of cultivated forms were mostly included into one of the three distinct groups, showing few shared haplotypes between taxa including Indica an Japonica types. The genealogy of the OsCl gene suggested that allelic diversification causing phenotypic change possibly resulted from mutations in the coding region rather than from recombination between pre-existing alleles. The changes in amino acids might be associated with selective forces that took places in the lineage of O. sativa as supported by a Ka/Ks ratio higher than 1.0, which gives a significant implication on genetic diversity in landraces.

尽管野生植物的表型是不变的，但在驯化植物中经常检测到不同的表型。在水稻中观察到的一个例子是，由于花青素的色素沉着，观察到不同程度的尖端着色，以前的报道是由C基因座的一系列等位基因引起的。根据它们的比较图谱，本研究揭示了C基因的一个可能的候选基因是属于R2R3-Myb因子组的玉米CL的水稻同源基因(OsCl)。在第3外显子中检测到两种不同类型的导致移码的缺失，并且两种缺失的核苷酸都对应于可能的碱基接触残基的位置，这表明水稻和水稻类型携带着独立起源的功能丧失突变。此外，在携带先前定义的C等位基因的菌株中，也经常在OsCl中检测到替换替换。分子群体分析表明，在39个野生稻和栽培稻中发现了17个单倍型，栽培类型的单倍型大多包含在3个不同的类群中，表明包括籼型在内的类群之间几乎没有共享的单倍型。OsCl基因的系谱表明，导致表型变化的等位基因多样性可能是编码区的突变而不是先前存在的等位基因之间的重组。氨基酸的变化可能与Ka/Ks比值大于1.0的选择作用力有关，这对地方品种的遗传多样性具有重要意义。