Unique segregation of the trait of astringency-loss in a Chinese PCNA cultivar and its molecular biology for tannin accumulation

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So far, it was thought that no non-astringent-type persimmons exist in China. However, a pollination constant non-astringent (PCNA) persimmon was recently found in Lou Tian Tian province of China, and this PCNA-type cultivar, 'Luo Tian Tian Shi', have showed very unique trait for astringency. When 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' was crossed wish a Japanese PCNA cultivar, several offspring bore astringent fruits.In order to confirm this phenomenon, tannin cell size that is a good index to distinguish PCNA from non-PCNA was determined. As the result, we were able to confirm that non-PCNA offsping by a cross between 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' and a Japanese PCNA cultivar were yielded wish a relatively high rate in the offspring.We also clarified that the chemical properties of tannins in the fruit is quite different between 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' and Japanese PCNA cultivars. Tannins from 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' showed higher molecular weight and faster coagulation reaction with acetaldehyde than in Japanese PCNA cultivars. The chemical properties of tannins of 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' were resemble to those of non-PCNA cultivars.Furthermore, gene expressions involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, which is the first step for tannin biosynthesis, were also different between 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' and Japanese PCNA cultivars.As a conclusion, we could demonstrated a unique trait of astringency in 'Luo Tian Tian Shi', which was thought to be due to a difference of gene expressions involved in flavonoid biosynthesis.