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Survey of ancestral species of persimmon (Diospyros kakiThunb.) and considering the process for appearance of pollination constant non-astringent (PCNA)-type persimmon.

柿子（Diospyros kakiThunb.）祖先种的调查和授粉恒定非涩（PCNA）型柿子出现过程的思考。

基本信息

批准号：
15405020
负责人：
YONEMORI Keizo
金额：
$ 8.9万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is 1) to clarify whether pollination constant non-astringent (PCNA) persimmons exist in China except for 'Luo Tian Tian Shi', in addition to clarify an uniqueness of `Luo Tian Tian Shi', and 2) to survey ancestral species of persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.). For this purpose, we conducted the following investigations:1)We constructed survey trips to Luotian county in Hubei province, where 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' was found. As the results, we were able to find new PCNA cultivars named `Qiuyan Tian Shi', 'Baogai Tian Shi', and 'Xiaoguo Tian Shi'. In addition, we were able to investigate the original tree of `Luo Tian Tian Shi', which showed us `Luo Tian Tian Shi' originated from a seedling.2)The uniqueness of PCNA trait in `Luo Tian Tian Shi' was clarified to investigate the F_1 progenies derived from crossings between 'Luo Tian Tian Shi' and Japanese PCNA or non-PCNA cultivars. In F_1 progenies from all crossings, PCNA and non-PCNA individuals were segregated at the ratio of 1:1. It means that the trait of Chinese PCNA is dominant. It is quite different from recessive trait of Japanese PCNA.3)As for consideration of ancestral species of persimmon, the survey of specimens was conducted in Botanical Garden in Kunming, Wuhan, and Beijing. We found an interesting species named "ye mao shi" classified as Diospyros kaki var. sylvestris. This species has a pubescent fruit surface, while wild persimmon (D. kaki) named "ye shi" has glabrous fruits. The morphological characteristic of "ya mao shi" was very similar to D. galndulosa, which is supposed to be a progenitor of D. kaki. We also could find the trees of this species in the forest of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Science.

本研究的目的是：1)弄清除‘罗天甜柿’外是否还存在授粉常数不收敛柿，以及‘洛甜柿’的独特性；2)调查柿的祖先种。为此，我们进行了以下调查：1)对湖北省罗田县进行了实地考察，在那里发现了罗天天师。因此，我们发现了新的增殖细胞核抗原品种，命名为‘秋燕甜食’、‘宝盖甜食’和‘小果甜食’。此外，我们还考察了‘洛甜氏’的原始树，表明‘洛甜甜氏’起源于种子。2)阐明了‘洛甜甜氏’的增殖细胞核抗原性状的唯一性，以研究‘罗天田氏’与日本增殖细胞核抗原和非增殖细胞核抗原品种杂交产生的F_1代。在所有杂交组合的F_1代中，增殖细胞核抗原与非增殖细胞核抗原个体的比例均为1：1，说明中国人的增殖细胞核抗原性状是显性的。3)对于柿的祖先种，在昆明植物园、武汉植物园和北京植物园进行了标本调查。我们发现了一个有趣的物种，被归类为柿属，名为“叶矛树”。西尔维斯特里斯。本种果面具短柔毛，而野生柿(D.kaki)名为“野柿”，果实无毛。亚毛石的形态特征与金丝桃十分相似，推测它可能是金龟子的一个祖先。在中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园的森林里，我们也可以找到这种树。