Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Eurasian Steppes

欧亚草原土壤有机质动态

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    13460032
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    2001 至 2003
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The CO_2 flux from soil surfaces in Eurasian steppes, including Kazakhstan, Ukraine and Hungary, varied widely. It was higher in some grassland ecosystems (southern Kazakhstan) than in most of the cropland. Nonetheless a rather simple relationship was obtained between the in situ annual soil respiration and bio-environmental factors (namely "humidity and SOM accumulation" and "biomass accumulation" factors). At the same time, the laboratory approach to fix decomposition rates of SOM showed an overall similarity of the rate constants within each respective ecosystem such as steppe or forest. This might be one of main reasons for an apparent success of simulation models ever established, in which several pools of organic materials are supposed primarily based on the difference in the order of decomposition rate constants.Lowering soil respiration under cropped ecosystems tended to alleviate an active degradation of SOM-related properties of soils, which was initially observed. A signific … More ant change after reclamation of natural grassland mostly appeared in the decrease of more labile fractions of SOM, such as light fraction C or C_0. In the regional scale, the value of C_0 was useful for predicting CO_2 emission. Chemozem soils seemed to be, relatively speaking, stable against changes in environmental conditions and/or land use, not like as forest ecosystems, in which accelerated decomposition of SOM was often observed after reclamation.The geostatistical analysis suggested that the overall accumulation of SOM in agro-landscape in northern Kazakhstan was primarily affected by the cumulative primary production as a result of soil moisture regime and land use/management. Such a variation caused by topography and water regime was also pointed out for Ukrainian steppe soils. The most important determinant for primary production is water availability, whereas that of decomposition is usually temperature in the steppe ecosystems investigated. Agricultural practices usually modifies soil water regime for achieving maximum crop production, followed by removal of primary production as harvest, but it does not essentially change the dynamics of SOM and/or nutrients. If the adverse effects of agricultural practices on SOM regime under steppe environment are actually limited, as suggested from different approaches, a site-specific agricultural management based on the spatial patterns of organic matter dynamics would be a suitable option in reality for harmonizing sustainable agricultural production with environmental conservation by reducing organic matter decomposition. Less
包括哈萨克斯坦、乌克兰和匈牙利在内的欧亚草原土壤表面CO_2通量变化很大。在一些草地生态系统(哈萨克斯坦南部),土壤水分含量高于大部分农田。然而,原位年土壤呼吸与生物环境因子(即“湿度和SOM积累”和“生物量积累”因子)之间的关系相当简单。与此同时,实验室确定SOM分解速率的方法显示出各生态系统(如草原或森林)内速率常数的总体相似性。这可能是迄今为止建立的模拟模型明显成功的主要原因之一,在这些模型中,几种有机物质的池被认为主要基于分解速率常数顺序的差异。初步观察到,在种植生态系统下,降低土壤呼吸有利于缓解土壤有机质相关特性的主动退化。天然草地复垦后的显著变化主要表现在有机质较不稳定组分(如轻组分C或C_0)的减少。在区域尺度上,C_0值可用于预测CO_2的排放。相对而言,化学化土壤对环境条件和/或土地利用的变化似乎是稳定的,不像森林生态系统,在森林生态系统中,开垦后经常观察到SOM的加速分解。地质统计分析表明,哈萨克斯坦北部农业景观中SOM的总体积累主要受土壤水分状况和土地利用/管理导致的累积初级生产的影响。在乌克兰草原土壤中也指出了地形和水状况造成的这种变化。初级生产最重要的决定因素是可利用水,而在所调查的草原生态系统中,分解的决定因素通常是温度。农业实践通常会改变土壤水分状况,以实现最大作物产量,然后将初级生产作为收获,但它不会从根本上改变土壤有机质和/或养分的动态。如果农业实践对草原环境下土壤有机质的不利影响是有限的,那么基于有机质动态空间格局的因地制宜的农业管理将是通过减少有机质分解来协调可持续农业生产与环境保护的现实选择。少

项目成果

期刊论文数量(20)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Soil organic matter dynamics under grain farming in Northern Kazakhstan
  • DOI:
    10.1080/00380768.2004.10408596
  • 发表时间:
    2004-02
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2
  • 作者:
    Shinya Funakawa;Iwao Nakamura;K. Akshalov;T. Kosaki
  • 通讯作者:
    Shinya Funakawa;Iwao Nakamura;K. Akshalov;T. Kosaki
Spatial variability of organic matter dynamics in semi-arid croplands in northern Kazakhstan
哈萨克斯坦北部半干旱农田有机质动态的空间变异
E.Karbozova, S.Funakawa, K.Akhmetov, T.Kosaki: "Effects of summer fallow on soil organic matter status of Chernozem soil in North Kazakhstan"Soil Biology and biochemistry. 36(In press). (2004)
E.Karbozova、S.Funakawa、K.Akhmetov、T.Kosaki:“夏季休耕对北哈萨克斯坦黑钙土有机质状况的影响”土壤生物学和生物化学。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
  • 通讯作者:
舟川晋也: "ジオスタティクスを用いた四次元的土壌プロセスの解明"ペドロジスト. 47(1). 55-63 (2003)
Shinya Funakawa:“利用地质静力学阐明四维土壤过程”Pedogue 47(1) (2003)。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
  • 通讯作者:
Water dynamics in soil-plant systems under grain farming in Northern Kazakhstan
  • DOI:
    10.1080/00380768.2004.10408597
  • 发表时间:
    2004-02
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2
  • 作者:
    Shinya Funakawa;Iwao Nakamura;K. Akshalov;T. Kosaki
  • 通讯作者:
    Shinya Funakawa;Iwao Nakamura;K. Akshalov;T. Kosaki
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KOSAKI Takashi其他文献

KOSAKI Takashi的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('KOSAKI Takashi', 18)}}的其他基金

Ecotourism: New tool for participatory soil and environmental education.
生态旅游:参与式土壤和环境教育的新工具。
  • 批准号:
    23650516
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
Spatio-temporal variability of ecological resources in tropical Africa and its agricultural use
热带非洲生态资源时空变化及其农业利用
  • 批准号:
    21405039
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Identification of stress factors in soil organic matter dynamics in humid regions and its utilization in agriculture
湿润地区土壤有机质动态胁迫因子识别及其农业应用
  • 批准号:
    20248008
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Boreal Ecosystems in Eurasia
欧亚大陆北方生态系统土壤有机质动态
  • 批准号:
    18405041
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Studies on Soil Organic Matter Dynamics and Their Application for Sustainable Agriculture in Humid Tropics
湿润热带地区土壤有机质动态及其在可持续农业中的应用研究
  • 批准号:
    17208028
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Four-dimensional evaluation of nitrogen burden from agricultural and using Pedometrics
利用计步器对农业氮负荷进行四维评估
  • 批准号:
    10460030
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Establishment of Natural Resources Information Network (Soil Net Japan)
建立自然资源信息网络(Soil Net Japan)
  • 批准号:
    08556011
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Development of comprehensive environmental information processing system for multi-purpose land evaluation
多用途土地评价综合环境信息处理系统开发
  • 批准号:
    06660077
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
Effects of clay mineralogy on soil fertility of the arable Iand in the tropics.
粘土矿物学对热带耕地土壤肥力的影响。
  • 批准号:
    03454062
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助金额:
    $ 9.92万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

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