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Optical recording studies on segmentation and induction of sounds in the auditory cortex

听觉皮层声音分割和感应的光学记录研究

基本信息

批准号：
13480096
负责人：
HORIKAWA Junsei
金额：
$ 8.51万
依托单位：
Toyohashi University of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13480096/
关键词：
primary auditory cortex optical recording voltage-sensitive dye segmentation of sound gap suditory induction spatiotemporal neural activity guinea pig 音の分節複合音光学的計測

项目摘要

This study was aimed to investigate neural mechanisms of grouping, segregation and temporal induction of sounds. Using an optical imaging technique with a voltage-sensitive dye RH795, neural activity was recorded in the primary auditory cortex (AI) of anesthetized guinea pigs. Complex tones (CT, 200-ms long) consisting of two pure-tones (PT) with 0-2.0-octave frequency separations and 0-100-ms time delays were used to study grouping and segregation. Gap-inserted (PGP) and white-noise (WN)-inserted pure tones (PWP) with 0-120-ms gap and WN lengths were used to study induction. They were presented to the ear contralateral to the recording cortex.In response to CT, strength of AI activity and widths of responding areas increased at 0.2-0.7 octave but did not at more than 0.8 octave. If one component in the CT was delayed more than 5ms from the other, the response to the delayed component was inhibited by the preceding one. These results suggest that AI of guinea pigs has a mechanism to group sounds with near frequencies (less than 0.7 octave) and short delays (less than 10 ms) and to separate those with far frequencies and long delays.When PGP with a gap shorter than 5 ms was presented, the AI response appeared only at the onset of the pre-gap tone, while it appeared at both the onsets of pre- and post-gap tones if the gap was longer than 5 ms. If WN was inserted into the gap, the response appeared only at the onset of the pre-WN tone, even if the WN period was longer than 5ms. These results suggest that the insertion of WN increases the threshold of gap detection in AI and this phenomenon may relate to auditory induction mechanism in the brain.

本研究旨在探讨声音的分组、分离和时间诱导的神经机制。应用电压敏感染料RH795的光学成像技术，记录了麻醉豚鼠初级听觉皮质(AI)的神经活动。使用由两个纯音(PT)组成的复音调(CT，200毫秒长)来研究分组和分离。采用插入间隔(PGP)和插入白噪声(WN)的纯音(PWP)，间隔长度为0-120ms，插入白噪声(WN)作为研究对象。对CT的反应，AI活动强度和反应区宽度在0.2-0.7个八度增加，但不超过0.8个八度。如果CT中的一个成分与另一个成分的延迟超过5ms，则对延迟成分的反应被前一个成分抑制。这些结果表明，豚鼠的人工智能对近频(小于0.7倍频程)和短时滞(小于10ms)的声音进行分组，而对远频和长时滞的声音进行分离。当出现间隔小于5ms的PGP时，人工智能反应仅出现在间隔前音调的开始处，而当间隔大于5ms时，AI反应出现在间隔前和间隔后的音调起点上。如果将WN插入到间隙中，即使WN周期长于5ms，反应也只出现在WN之前的音调开始时。这些结果表明，WN的插入提高了人工智能中的缝隙检测阈值，这一现象可能与脑内的听觉诱导机制有关。