Physiological and neural network studies on phoneme analysis by the auditory cortex

听觉皮层音素分析的生理和神经网络研究

• 批准号: 10480068
• 负责人: HORIKAWA Junsei
• 金额: $ 7.62万
• 依托单位: Toyohashi University of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10480068/
• 关键词: Auditory cortex; Optical recording; Neural network model; Phoneme extraction; Auditory recognition; Wave sonagram hypothesis; lateral inhibition; Guinea pigs

Neural mechanism of auditory cortex for extraction of the auditory information has not yet known despite many electrophysiological, Psychological and information engineering studies. In this research, we have investigated a possible mechanism of the auditory cortex for feature extraction of phoneme by using an optical recording method and a nerd model of the auditory cortex that process spectro-temporal of sounds.Optical recording with a 12×12-channel photodiode array and a voltage-sensitive dye (RH795) was made from the auditory cortex a guinea pigs anesthetized by Nembutal (30 mg/kg) and neuroleptanalgesic (doroperidol 0.3 mg/kg/h and pentazocine 1.1 mg/kg/h). Spatio-temporal responses to pure tones, frequency-modulated (FM) sounds and a complex sound with two FM components (CFM) presented to the ear contralateral to the recording cortex were studied. Pure ton stimulation at different frequencies clearly showed the isofrequency bands and the tonotopic organization in the primary audi … More tory cortex (AI). In response to FM sounds, the active spot moved obliquely crossing the isofrequency bands. When the direction of the frequency sweep was changed, the active spot moved in the opposite direction. The response to the CFM was complex : active spot to each FM component moved obliquely crossing the isofrequency bands with mutual inhibition.Based on these results, we proposed a wave sonagram hypothesis and made a neural network model of the auditory cortex using 2-dimensionally distributed neural oscillators with excitatory and inhibitory connections. Computer simulation revealed that the model reconstructed the fundamental characteristics of the activity (wave) propagation observed in the auditory cortex. Furthermore, the simulation demonstrated the important contribution of local connections for the wave propagation. The lateral inhibition is necessary for the localization of the active site on the auditory cortex. Furthermore, for the bifurcation of synchronization - desynchronization of the wave propagation depends on the balance between the neighboring excitatory connections and the lateral inhibition.These results indicate sounds were represented by dynamic spatio-temporal neural activities in the auditory cortex and propose a novel way of feature and articulation in the auditory recognition. Less

尽管有许多电生理学、心理学和信息工程学方面的研究，但听觉皮层提取听觉信息的神经机制至今仍不清楚。在本研究中，本研究采用光记录技术和听觉皮层的神经元模型，对听觉皮层进行音素特征提取的可能机制进行了研究。实验采用12 × 12通道光电二极管阵列和电压敏感染料（RH 795）对Nembutal麻醉的豚鼠听觉皮层进行光记录（30 mg/kg）和神经安定镇痛药（多哌啶醇0.3 mg/kg/h和喷他佐辛1.1 mg/kg/h）。研究了纯音、调频（FM）声和复合声（CFM）声传入记录皮层对侧耳的时空反应。不同频率的纯音电刺激可清楚地显示原发性audi的等电位带和音调组织 ...更多信息 皮质（AI）。对FM声音的响应，活动点斜向移动穿过等离子体带。当频率扫描的方向改变时，活动光斑向相反方向移动。在此基础上，我们提出了波形声图假说，并利用二维分布的神经振子建立了一个具有兴奋性和抑制性连接的听觉皮层神经网络模型。计算机模拟表明，该模型重建的活动（波）在听觉皮层中观察到的传播的基本特征。此外，模拟显示了局部连接对波传播的重要贡献。侧抑制是听觉皮层活动部位定位所必需的。此外，对于同步-去同步的分叉，波的传播依赖于相邻兴奋性连接和侧抑制之间的平衡，这些结果表明声音是由听觉皮层的动态时空神经活动表征的，并为听觉识别提供了一种新的特征和发音方式。少

项目成果

Horikawa,J.,Nasu,M.and Taniguchi,I.: "Optical recording of responses to frequency-modulated sounds in the auditory cortex." Neuro Rep.9. 799-802 (1998)

Horikawa, J.、Nasu, M. 和 Taniguchi, I.：“听觉皮层对调频声音的反应的光学记录。”

Yamaguchi, Y.: "Dynamical Linking and Emergent Unification of Information"Toward a science of consciousness "Tucson III". 169. 91 (1998)

Yamaguchi, Y.：“信息的动态链接和紧急统一”走向意识科学“图森 III”。

堀川順生: "電位感受性色素法による脳活動の可視化" 脳の科学. 20. 903-906 (1998)

Yoshio Horikawa：“使用电压敏感染料方法可视化大脑活动”《脑科学》20. 903-906 (1998)。

Y. Yamaguchi, J. Horikawa et al.: "Biophysical Neural Networks"Lateral inhibitory model for wave propagation in the auditory cortex (in press). . (2000)

Y. Yamaguchi、J. Horikawa 等人：“生物物理神经网络”听觉皮层中波传播的横向抑制模型（正在出版）。

Yamaguchi, Y., Horikawa, J. and Taniguchi, I.: "Lateral inhibitory model for wave propagation in the auditory cortex (In : Ed. R. R. Poznanski) (in press)"Biophysical Neural Networks. (2000)

Yamaguchi, Y.、Horikawa, J. 和 Taniguchi, I.：“听觉皮层波传播的横向抑制模型（见：Ed. R. R. Poznanski）（正在印刷中）”生物物理神经网络。