Functional roles of cerebrocerebellar communication system in prism adaptation of reaching

小脑通讯系统在棱镜适应中的功能作用

• 批准号: 14580783
• 负责人: KURATA Kiyoshi
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Hirosaki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14580783/
• 关键词: visuomotor conversion; cortical motor areas; cerebellum; motor thalamus; neuronal activity; antidromic identification; movement-related activity; set-related activity; 大脳皮質; 視床; 神経回路; 機能連関; 到達運動; 座標変換

Transformation of coordinates from visual to motor space in our brain is essential to achieve target-reaching by arm. Since it was found that the ventral premotor cortex(PMv) as well as cerebellum plays an important role in the sensorimotor integration and prism adaptation, it was investigated in this study how the cerebrocerebellar communication system contribute to the motor execution and learning. First, when a small amount of neuroanatomical tracer(Biotinylated Dextran Amine,BDA) was injected in to the PMv of monkeys where neurons with movement-related activity reflecting visual space were most frequently recorded, it was found that labeled neurons were densely located in area X of the motor thalamus. Second, thalamic neurons projecting to the cortical motor areas including the PMv were identified electrophysiologically in monkeys performing a wrist extension and flexion task in which the movement direction was instructed by auditory cues during the preparation period in each trial … More , followed by one of the three type of sensory signals(visual, auditory, or tactile) to initiate the movement. Two major task-related activities were recorded from the neurons, as found in the cortical motor areas : (1)movement-related activity with phasic changes immediately before movement onset and (2)set-related activity, a sustained change of activity throughout the preparation period after the instruction signal was presented. A majority of the activities were found to have preference for wrist movement directions. By contrast, no signal-related neuronal activity and modality specific movement-related activity were recorded, although such activities were frequently observed in the cortical motor areas. The results suggest that the projection system from the cerebellum to the cortical motor areas plays important roles in determination of movement-parameters and movement initiation, but contribute much less to sensorimotor conversion which is necessary for transformation of coordinates. Less

视觉空间坐标到运动空间坐标的转换是实现手臂到达目标的必要条件，由于研究发现腹侧运动前区皮层（PMv）和小脑在感觉运动整合和棱镜适应中起着重要作用，本研究探讨了小脑腹侧通讯系统在运动执行和学习中的作用。首先，将少量神经解剖学示踪剂（生物素化葡聚糖胺，BDA）注射到猴子的PMv中，其中最常记录具有反映视觉空间的运动相关活动的神经元，发现标记的神经元密集地位于运动丘脑的X区。第二，在每次试验的准备期间，在执行腕部伸展和弯曲任务的猴子中，在每个试验中，通过听觉线索指示运动方向，在电生理学上鉴定了投射到包括PMv在内的皮质运动区的丘脑神经元 ...更多信息 ，随后是三种类型的感觉信号（视觉、听觉或触觉）之一以启动运动。两个主要的任务相关的活动记录从神经元，发现在皮层运动区：（1）运动相关的活动与运动开始前的阶段性变化和（2）设置相关的活动，持续的活动变化后，整个准备期的指令信号。大多数的活动被发现有偏好的手腕运动方向。相比之下，没有记录到信号相关的神经元活动和模态特异性运动相关的活动，尽管在皮质运动区经常观察到这种活动。结果表明，小脑到皮层运动区的投射系统在运动参数的确定和运动启动中起重要作用，但对坐标变换所必需的感觉运动转换的作用很小。少

项目成果

Kurata, K., Hoshi, E.: "Movement-related neuronal activity reflecting the transformation of coordinates in the ventral premotor cortex of monkeys."J.Neurophysiol.. 88. 3118-3132 (2002)

Kurata, K., Hoshi, E.：“反映猴子腹侧前运动皮层坐标变换的运动相关神经元活动。”J.Neurophysiol.. 88. 3118-3132 (2002)

Kurata, K.: "Influences of motor instructions on the reaction times of saccadic eye movements"Neurosci.Res.. 48(印刷中). (2004)

Kurata, K.：“运动指令对眼跳反应时间的影响”Neurosci.Res.. 48（印刷中）。

Kurata, K., Hoshi, E.: "Movement-related neuronal activity reflecting the transformation of coordinates in the ventral premotor cortex of monkeys"Journal of Neurophysiology. 88. 3118-3132 (2002)

Kurata, K., Hoshi, E.：“反映猴子腹侧前运动皮层坐标变换的运动相关神经元活动”神经生理学杂志。

蔵田 潔: "プリズム適応に関わる神経情報処理機構"脳の科学. 25. 43-51 (2003)

Kiyoshi Kurata：“棱镜适应中涉及的神经信息处理机制”《脑科学》25. 43-51 (2003)。

Kurata, K.: "Mechanisms of neural information processing in prism adaptation of reaching."Brain Science. 25. 43-51 (2003)

Kurata, K.：“棱镜适应到达的神经信息处理机制。”脑科学。