Gender and Intergenerational Wealth Transfer

本研究的重点是财产继承（代际所有权）和土地（房地产）。研究了三项调查；1) 1991 - 1998年的继承研究；2)1998年的产权研究；3)2002年的女性农民状况研究。这些研究不仅对东京、福冈、山形等城市地区的工薪家庭进行了研究，而且对全国的农户进行了研究。这些研究的结果表明，土地或房地产资产的性别差异大于金融资产的性别差异。人们通常认为，男女之间的财产差异是基于女性无偿的家务劳动，但房地产差异受到日常继承习俗的影响。在农户中，农地、宅基地、房屋三种财产所有权的性别差异显著。管理一代的男性农民意识到要么购买农地，要么继承土地可供处置，而女性农民则完全不知道这一点。在他们对财产处置的认识上，性别差异是显著的。男女之间，特别是丈夫和妻子之间在财产所有权方面存在差异。人们认为，为了实现男女平等的社会，妇女需要拥有自己的财产

This study was focused upon property inheritance (inter-generational ownership) and land (real estate). Three surveys were examined ; 1) inheritance research from 1991 to 1998, 2) property research in 1998, and 3) research for female farmers' conditions in 2002. These researches were conducted not only on working households in urban areas such as Tokyo, Fukuoka, and Yamagata, but also on farming households in the whole nationThe results of these researches illustrate that the gender discrepancy of land or real estate property was larger than that of financial property. It is often considered that property disparities between men and women are based on women's domestic work without pay, but the real estate discrepancy is affected by the day-to-day custom of inheritance.In farming households, there are 3 kinds of striking gender discrepancies of property ownership : agricultural land, land for housing, and house. Male farmers in the generation of management were conscious that either purchased agricultural land or the inherited land was available to dispose, while female farmers were not aware of it at all. A gender gap was remarkable in their awareness of the disposal of property.There is the discrepancy in property ownership between men and women, in particular, between husbands and wives. It is considered that women need to hold their own properties in order to bring about a gender equal society