Development of Anisotropically Ion and Mass-Transporting Materials through Self-Organization of Ionic Liquids

构建具有分级有序结构的功能分子材料是下一代的重要课题之一。使用自组织过程是一个多功能的工具，准备这样的材料。特别是，电子和离子传输有机材料由于其在分子器件和信息和能量传输领域的潜在应用而引起关注。在离子传输材料中，我们重点研究了具有高离子电导率的有机熔盐离子液体。本研究的目的是通过对咪唑盐进行化学修饰得到离子液晶，利用其自组装特性开发低维离子传输材料。在这里，我们报告了两种类型的各向异性离子传输材料：（1）一维（1D）离子传输柱状液晶;（2）二维（2D）离子传输聚合物薄膜。(1)1D离子迁移柱 关于我们 我们设计并制备了由亲脂部分和咪唑基团组成的扇形嵌段分子。这些分子表现出柱状液晶相。在这些结构中，主音部分自组织成柱的中心。通过机械剪切使柱宏观上平行于玻璃表面排列。平行于柱轴方向的离子电导率高于垂直于柱轴方向的离子电导率。首次实现了柱状液晶材料的各向异性一维离子导电。(2)2D离子传输聚合物膜制备具有可聚合基团的近晶型液晶咪唑鎓盐以获得2D离子导电的机械稳定的聚合物膜。近晶A相中的这些分子自发地在玻璃表面上形成垂面单畴。通过定向材料的光聚合获得具有层状纳米结构的自立聚合物膜。它们表现出各向异性的2D紧张电导率。少

The fabrication of functional molecular materials forming hierarchical ordered structures is one of important subjects for the next generation. Use of self-organization processes is a versatile tool for the preparation of such materials. In particular, electron and ion-transporting organic materials have attracted attention due to their potential applications in the fields of molecular devices and transportation of information and energy. Among the ion-transporting materials, we focused on ionic liquids that are organic molten salts showing high ionic conductivities. The objective in this study is to develop low-dimensionally ion-transporting materials through self-organization of ionic liquid crystals obtained by the chemical modification of imidazolium salts. Here we report on two types of anisotropic ion-transporting materials : (1)one-dimensionally (1D) ion-transporting columnar liquid crystals ; (2)two-dimensionally (2D) ion-transporting polymeric films.(1)1D ion-transporting colu … More mnar liquid crystalsWe designed and prepared fan-shaped block molecules comprising lipophilic part and imidazolium moieties. These molecules exhibited columnar liquid crystalline phases. In these structures, the tonic parts self-organized into the center of columns. The columns were macroscopically aligned parallel to the glass surface by mechanical shearing. The ionic conductivities parallel to the columnar axis were higher than those perpendicular to the axis. For the first time, anisotropic 1D ion conduction was achieved for columnar liquid crystalline materials.(2)2D ion-transporting polymeric filmsSmectic liquid crystalline imidazolium salts having polymerizable groups were prepared to obtain 2D ion-conductive mechanically stable polymeric films. These molecules in the smectic A phase spontaneously formed homeotropic monodomains on the glass surface. Self-standing polymeric films with layered nanostructures were obtained by photopolymerization of the oriented materials. They showed anisotropic 2D tonic conductivities. Less