Descriptive grammar of the Sogdian language based on the synchronic analysis

基于共时分析的粟特语描述语法

• 批准号: 15520263
• 负责人: YOSHIDA Yutaka
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Kobe City University of Foreign Studies
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15520263/
• 关键词: Sogdian; Silk Road; Indo-European; Iranian; Sogdian traders; descriptive grammar; Yaghnobi; Pre-Islamic Central Asia; 昭武; エフタル; 西安墓誌; ソグド商人; 借用語; トルファン; 敦煌; 歴史言語学

Sogdian belongs to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. The Sogdian people were international traders along the Silk Road and their language served as a lingua franca of Central Asia during the period when they were active until the 10th century. In the 11th century they were invaded and subsequently ruled by the Islamic force and their language was no longer spoken.The Iranian language group comprises such ancient languages as Avestan and Old Persian spoken long before the Christian era as well as many modern languages such as Persian, Kurdish, Pashto, Yaghnobi (so-called Modern Sogdian), etc. Apart from the ancient and modern Iranian languages, the group also comprises Middle Iranian languages which were spoken and written before the Islamization of Iran and Central Asia. Sogdian belongs to the eastern dialect group of Middle Iranian. Due to the fact that many texts materials are preserved both from Ancient and Middle Iranian periods and also due to richness of mo … More dern spoken languages, the linguistic study of the Sogdian language has mainly been philological and diachronic ; one has been interested in the way how Iranian had changed through the period of ca.2500 years and the discoveries have been compared with those of the other branches of the Indo-European language family. Thus the Sogdian grammars hitherto published were written from the view point of diachronic change. During the period of research supported by the grant I mainly focused on the synchronic aspects of the Sogdian language and tried to present the descriptive grammar based on the synchronic analysis of texts.As a result or fruit of my study of the last three years I have drawn up a new and comprehensive grammar of Sogdian comprising ca.300 pages which includes a short essay of the history of Sogdians and the history of the study of the language from the very beginning of the discovery of Sogdian text materials in the early 20th century. In the hope that those who are interested in Sogdian might teach themselves, my grammar is consisting of 23 lessons provided with exercises and a glossary. Each sentence and word cited in the grammar is provided with a phonetic representation, which will be helpful for non-specialists, because the scripts employed for writing Sogdian are so-called consonant scripts without any letter for representing vowels.I have also published several separate articles and a book concerning the related subjects. One of the most interesting was an inscription of 580 CE discovered recently in Xian, China. The inscription is important in that no Sogdian text had hitherto been discovered in mainland China, where there must have been numerous Sogdians as permanent residents and traveling merchants. Less

Sogdian语属于印欧语系的伊朗分支。Sogdian人是丝绸之路沿线的国际贸易商，他们的语言在他们活跃的时期一直是中亚的通用语言，直到10世纪。在11世纪，他们被伊斯兰势力入侵并随后被统治，他们的语言不再被使用。伊朗语系包括远在基督教时代之前所说的阿维斯坦语和旧波斯语系的古老语言，以及许多现代语言，如波斯语、库尔德语、普什图语、雅格诺比语(所谓的现代Sogdian)等。除了古代和现代的伊朗语系外，该语系还包括在伊朗和中亚伊斯兰化之前所说和所写的中伊朗语。Sogdian属于中伊朗语的东部方言群。由于保存了许多伊朗古代和中期的文本材料，也由于mo…的丰富除了更多的德恩口语语言，对Sogdian语言的语言学研究主要是语言学和历时性的；一个人一直感兴趣的是伊朗如何在大约2500年的时期内发生变化，这些发现已经与印欧语系的其他分支的发现进行了比较。因此，迄今出版的Sogdian语法是从历时变化的角度编写的。在获得拨款支持的研究期间，我主要关注Sogdian语言的共时方面，并试图提出基于文本共时分析的描述语法。作为过去三年研究的结果，我起草了一本新的、全面的Sogdian语法，约300页，其中包括一篇短文，介绍了Sogdian人的历史以及从20世纪初Sogdian语言材料被发现以来的语言研究历史。希望那些对Sogdian感兴趣的人可以自学，我的语法包括23节课和一个练习和一个词汇表。语法中引用的每个句子和单词都有一个音标，这对非专业人士很有帮助，因为用来写Sogdian的文字是所谓的辅音文字，没有任何代表元音的字母。我还发表了几篇单独的文章和一本关于相关主题的书。其中最有趣的是最近在西安发现的一件公元580年的碑文，中国。这一铭文很重要，因为到目前为止，在大陆中国还没有发现任何索格迪亚文字，那里一定有许多索格迪亚人作为永久居民和旅行商人。较少

项目成果

Some reflections about the origin of 【approximately equal】am¨k

关于【约等于】aměk起源的一些思考

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Aspects of international trades and cultural exchanges as seen from the textual and material remains unearthed from Central Asia(T.Moriyasu (ed.)), Osaka
• 作者: Yutaka;Yoshida
• 通讯作者: Yoshida

Yutaka Yoshida: "In search of Sogdians 'Phoenicians of the Silk Road'"Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften Berichte und Abhandlungen. 9. 185-200 (2003)

吉田丰：“寻找粟特人‘丝绸之路上的腓尼基人’”柏林勃兰登堡科学研究院。

シルクロード出土文献における言語変化の年代決定、ウイグル語文献中の借用形式の例から

根据维吾尔文献中借用表格的例子，确定丝绸之路出土文献中语言变化的年代

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: えくすおりえんて 11
• 作者: Oguma;Kazuro;M.Ogawa;吉田 豊
• 通讯作者: 吉田 豊

コータン出土8-9世紀のコータン語世俗文書に関する覚え書き

于阗出土八、九世纪于阗世俗文献注释

• 发表时间: 2005
• 作者: Yoshida;Mitsunobu;吉田 豊
• 通讯作者: 吉田 豊

Yutaka Yoshida: "Buddhist influence on the bema festival?"Cereti(ed) Religious themes and texts of Central Asia. 453-458 (2003)

Yutaka Yoshida：“佛教对贝玛节的影响？”Cereti（编辑）中亚的宗教主题和文本。