Examination of the neurological mechanism of grammatical impairment through a linguistic investigation of specific language impairment

本研究的目的是：（1）探讨日语特殊语言障碍（SLI）的语言学特征，（2）比较日语SLI与其他语言SLI的语言学特征，（3）根据日语SLI的语言学特征，探讨SLI语法障碍的神经机制。(A)我们对SLI儿童和年龄匹配的正常语言发育儿童进行了复杂动词的产生任务。我们还分析了获得的日语语言SLI数据，并将其与其他语言的语言SLI数据进行了比较。(B)本研究设计了语法格的产生任务，并对SLI和年龄匹配的语言发展正常的儿童进行了实验。我们还分析了获得的日语语言SLI数据，并将其与其他语言的语言SLI数据进行了比较。(C)我们设计了一个句法理解任务， 关于我们 获得了规范的单词有序和混乱的句子，并进行了与SLI和年龄匹配的儿童与正常的语言发展。我们还分析了所获得的日语语言SLI数据，并将其与其他语言的语言SLI数据进行了比较，从生产任务的结果来看，我们发现，日本SLI儿童在生产带有致使后缀或被动后缀的复杂动词方面表现出严重的困难。他们相对成功地产生了熟悉的复杂动词，但无法应用构词规则来产生不熟悉的复杂动词。我们还发现，他们在产生适当的语法格助词方面表现出困难，即主格助词“-ga”、主格助词"]-O“和与格助词”-ni“。他们相对成功地在规范的单词有序的句子中产生了适当的语法格粒子，但在混乱的句子中却无法做到这一点。从理解任务的结果来看，我们发现不同类型的SLI儿童的理解任务的结果不同。句法理解缺陷的儿童对混乱句的理解比对规范词序句的理解差。最后，我们根据上述日语SLI的语言学数据，探讨了SLI中语法损伤的神经机制。少

The purpose of this research is (1) to investigate the linguistic characteristics of specific language impairment (SLI) in Japanese, (2) to compare the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data with linguistic SLI data in other languages, (3) to examine the neurological mechanism of grammatical impairment in SLI in accordance with the obtained linguistic SLI data.In order to achieve the above goal, we conducted the following. (A) We conducted a production task of complex verbs with children with SLI and age-matched children with normal language development. We also analyzed the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data, and compared them to linguistic SLI data in other languages. (B) We designed al production task of grammatical Case, and conducted it with SLI and age-matched children with normal language development. We also analyzed the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data, and compared them to linguistic SLI data in other languages. (C) We designed a syntactic comprehension task which cont … More ains canonical word ordered and scrambled sentences, and conducted it with SLI and age-matched children with normal language development. We also analyzed the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data, and compared them to linguistic SLI data in other languages.From the results of the production tasks, we found that Japanese children with SLI exhibit severe difficulty in producing complex verbs with the causative suffix or passive suffix. They were relatively successful producing familiar complex verbs, but were unable to apply word formation rules to produce unfamiliar complex verbs. We also found that they exhibit difficulty in producing appropriate grammatical Case particles, namely the nominative Case particle,'-ga'the accusative Case particle, ]-O', and the dative Case particle,-ni. They were relatively successful producing appropriate grammatical Case particles in canonical word ordered sentences, but were unable to do so in scrambled sentences. From the results of comprehension tasks, we found varied results among the children with SLI. The child who exhibited a syntactic comprehension deficit, showed worse comprehension on scrambled sentences compared with canonical word ordered sentences.Finally, we discussed the neurological mechanism of grammatical impairment in SLI in accordance with the above linguistic SLI data in Japanese. Less