Examination of the neurological mechanism of grammatical impairment through a linguistic investigation of specific language impairment

本研究的目的是：(1)探讨日语特殊语言障碍（SLI）的语言特征，(2)将获得的日语特殊语言障碍数据与其他语言特殊语言障碍数据进行比较，(3)根据获得的语言特殊语言障碍数据，研究特殊语言障碍中语法障碍的神经机制。为了实现上述目标，我们进行了以下工作。(A)我们对特殊语言障碍儿童和语言发育正常的同龄儿童进行了复杂动词的生成任务。我们还分析了获得的日语语言语言障碍数据，并将其与其他语言的语言语言障碍数据进行了比较。(B)我们设计了语法格的生成任务，并在特殊语言障碍儿童和语言发育正常的年龄匹配儿童中进行。我们还分析了获得的日语语言语言障碍数据，并将其与其他语言的语言语言障碍数据进行了比较。(C)我们设计了一个语法理解任务，该任务包含了更多典型的单词有序句和混乱句，并在特殊语言障碍儿童和语言发育正常的年龄匹配儿童中进行。我们还分析了获得的日语语言语言障碍数据，并将其与其他语言的语言语言障碍数据进行了比较。从生成任务的结果来看，我们发现日语特殊语言障碍儿童在生成带有使役后缀或被动后缀的复杂动词方面存在严重的困难。他们能相对成功地生成熟悉的复杂动词，但不能应用构词规则生成不熟悉的复杂动词。我们还发现，他们在产生适当的语法格小品方面表现出困难，即主格小品，‘-ga’，宾格小品，‘ -O’，和格小品，-ni。他们相对成功地在规范的单词有序句中产生了适当的语法格小品，但在混乱的句子中却无法做到这一点。从理解任务的结果来看，我们发现特殊语言障碍儿童的结果各不相同。表现出句法理解缺陷的儿童对乱句的理解比规范词有序句的理解差。最后，我们结合上述日语特殊语言障碍的语言学数据，探讨了特殊语言障碍的神经学机制。少

The purpose of this research is (1) to investigate the linguistic characteristics of specific language impairment (SLI) in Japanese, (2) to compare the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data with linguistic SLI data in other languages, (3) to examine the neurological mechanism of grammatical impairment in SLI in accordance with the obtained linguistic SLI data.In order to achieve the above goal, we conducted the following. (A) We conducted a production task of complex verbs with children with SLI and age-matched children with normal language development. We also analyzed the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data, and compared them to linguistic SLI data in other languages. (B) We designed al production task of grammatical Case, and conducted it with SLI and age-matched children with normal language development. We also analyzed the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data, and compared them to linguistic SLI data in other languages. (C) We designed a syntactic comprehension task which cont … More ains canonical word ordered and scrambled sentences, and conducted it with SLI and age-matched children with normal language development. We also analyzed the obtained Japanese linguistic SLI data, and compared them to linguistic SLI data in other languages.From the results of the production tasks, we found that Japanese children with SLI exhibit severe difficulty in producing complex verbs with the causative suffix or passive suffix. They were relatively successful producing familiar complex verbs, but were unable to apply word formation rules to produce unfamiliar complex verbs. We also found that they exhibit difficulty in producing appropriate grammatical Case particles, namely the nominative Case particle,'-ga'the accusative Case particle, ]-O', and the dative Case particle,-ni. They were relatively successful producing appropriate grammatical Case particles in canonical word ordered sentences, but were unable to do so in scrambled sentences. From the results of comprehension tasks, we found varied results among the children with SLI. The child who exhibited a syntactic comprehension deficit, showed worse comprehension on scrambled sentences compared with canonical word ordered sentences.Finally, we discussed the neurological mechanism of grammatical impairment in SLI in accordance with the above linguistic SLI data in Japanese. Less