Study on Use of Interior Water Transportation in Ancient Japan

我们收集和分析了日本古代都城遗址、地方政府办公场所和寺庙遗址中使用内部水运的大量考古资料和历史记录。在明日香都城遗址，开始在许多场合利用大和水系的水运。在西梅-皇后时期，“Tabure Kokoro no Mizo”运河被挖掘用于建造明日香-宫殿机构和寺庙。这条运河是通往大和水系的，大和水系的水运利用也很有规律，藤原宫时期，在藤原宫的中心地区开凿了新的运河，与大和水系相连。大和川的水路运输利用越来越有规律。而藤原市的排水系统则与运河和河流相连。也就是说，藤原宫廷时代是中国内河运输使用史上的一个伟大时代。水处理新知识 关于我们 运动网络对于理解古代都城的历史特征是非常重要的。在奈良都城和平安都城，内部水运系统发展得更加系统，它与都城的排水系统和防洪措施联系在一起。在奈良都城、长冈都城和平安都城，淀川水系的水路运输在政治、经济、社会活动中发挥着越来越重要的作用。河港，例如，“Ki - tu”，“Yamazaki-tu”和“Yodo-tu”建在淀川边。这些都城的对外河港在各都城中占有重要地位，都城市场的选址与水运的利用密切相关。明确了奈良都城遗址和平安都城遗址中的“堀川”运河、一姬神社和姬庙相互靠近。在藤原都城遗址，我们明确了东市场的位置与延河水运密切相关。在藤原市东市场附近有市岛神社、古寺遗址等，在当地的公共机关遗址和古寺遗址中，收集并分析了大量的考古资料和历史记载，其中包括水路交通的使用情况。我们明确了省办公地点的位置，例如，肥前-国府遗址，多贺遗址，岩城-群贺遗址，Futi-Gunga遗址与水上交通的使用密切相关。它们都位于河流附近，许多遗址都明确了运河和河港的存在，具体说明了河运是地方政府和古代都城形成的重要因素。少

We collected and analyzed many archaeological data and historical records on the use of interior water transportation in ancient Capital sites and local public office sites and temple sites in Japan. In Asuka capital sites, it began to utilize the water transportation in the Yamato -River system in many occasions. In Saimei -Empress period, "Tabure Kokoro no Mizo" canal was dug for the purpose of the construction of Asuka - palace institutions and temples. That canal was bound for Yamato-river system, and the utilization of Yamato-river water transportation were regular.In Fujiwara - palace period, new canal was dug in the central area of Fujiwara palace, and it was linked with Yamato-river. The utilization of Yamato-river water transportation were more and more regular. And the drainage system in Fujiwara-capital was linked with that canal and rivers. That is, Fujiwara-palace period was great epoch in the history of use of interior water transportation. The new knowledge of water tran … More sportation network was very important for the comprehension of historical character of ancient capital cities.In Nara capital city, and Heian capital city, interior water transportation system developed more systematically, it became to link with the drainage system and flood counter measure in capital city.In Nara capital city, Nagaoka capital city, and Heian capital city, the use of the water transportation in Yodo - river system became to be more important for political, economical, and social activities. River ports, for example, "Ki - tu", "Yamazaki-tu" and "Yodo-tu" were built in Yodo-river side. These external river ports in capital cities had the important position of each capital cities.The location of markets in capital cities was closely related with the use of the water transportation. We made clear that "Horikawa" canals, Ichhime-shrine or Ichkisima-shrine, and Hime-temple were close to each other in Nara capital site and Heian capital site. In Fujiwara capital site, we cleared that the location of the east market was closely related to Yone-river water transportation. There are Ichikisima - shrine, and ancient temple site near by supposed site of east market of Fujiwara capital city.In local public office sites and temple sites, we collected and analyzed many archaeological data and historical records on the use of water transportation. We made clear that location of provincial office sites, for example, Hizen - Kokufu sites, Tagajou site, Iwaki-Gunga site, Futi-Gunga site were closely related to the use of the water transportation. They situated near rivers, and the existence of canals and river ports were made clear in many sites.We made clear concretely that the river transportation was very important factor for the formation of the local public offices and ancient capital cities. Less