The Research of the decision-making process change of economic policy by the party realignment after democratization in South Korea

1987年，韩国的金融政策发生了戏剧性的变化。而在1987年前的威权统治时代，是根据经济条件的变化进行转换的，而在她民主化之后，尽管经济状况不佳，但政策基本上没有变化。为什么？这份报告探讨了这个问题，优先考虑了总统、议员和官僚等政治行为者的选择。总统与经济计划委员会、财政部和工商部负责经济事务的官员之间的关系被理解为委托-代理关系。人们认为，官僚帮助总统决策，在民主化之前和现在，在总统指示的范围内参与了政策形成，这一点没有大的变化。另一方面，总统在许多决策决策中都需要得到国会的批准，所以当他想要决定一项重要的政策时，他必须面对国会成员。因此，这份报告可以得出结论，执政党的支持基础通过她的民主化从“YoChonya Do”转变为“地区主义”，创造了她财政政策的变化和延续等结果的差异。政党结构的变化使民意在议会中的反映比威权时代更加困难。只有金大中政府能够在忠诚的特定地区例外地争取选民，才能改变政策，成功地摆脱金融危机，即财政政策的变化和延续是由于总统根据舆论变化和政党结构变化而表现出的意图。

The Financial Policy in South Korea dramatically changed in 1987. While in the age of Authoritarian dominance before 1987, it was converted according to the change in economic conditions, after her democratization, there was little no change basically in the policy though economic conditions were bad. Why?This report approaches this question giving priority to the choices of political actors such as the president, Assembly members, and the bureaucrats. The relation between the president and the bureaucrats working on economic affairs belonging to Economic Planning Board, Ministry of Finance, and Ministry of Commerce and Industry is caught as the Principal-Agent relation. It is thought that the bureaucrats assist the president's decision making, and there was no big change in the point having taken part in the policy formation within the range that the president directs before the democratization and from now on. On the other hand, the president needed the Assembly approval in a lot of decision makings, so he had to face its members when he wanted to decide an important policy. Therefore, this report can conclude that the support base of the government party, which has changed from "YoChonYaDo " to "Regionalism" by her democratization, invented the difference of the result such as the change and the continuance of her financial policy. The change in the political party structure made the reflection of the public opinion into the Assembly more difficult than in the authoritarian age. Only the Kim Dae-jung administration that was able to secure the voters in a faithful, specific region exceptionally was able to change the policy, and succeeded in the escape from the financial crisis.That is, the change and the continuance of the financial policy were due to president's intention performed corresponding to the change in the public opinion and the change in the political party structure.