A Philosophical Approach to Biasing Mechanisms in Scientific Research

科学研究中偏见机制的哲学方法

• 批准号: 462891071
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Torsten Wilholt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Universidad de los Andes
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/462891071?language=en
• 关键词: Philosophical; Approach; Biasing; Mechanisms; Scientific

This project aims to provide a philosophical analysis that contributes to a better understanding of biasing mechanisms in science. In the philosophy of science, recent work has led to an emerging consensus that science is not value-free, and that values, including social and political values, play different roles in the research process. It has also become clear that values sometimes contribute to science’s epistemic and social goals while other times, they can have a detrimental effect on science’s capacity to achieve these goals, in particular by causing biased research results. The main goal of this project is to clarify the negative roles of values in scientific research, and in particular their sometimes biasing effects. In particular, the project will improve on the existing state of research in philosophy of science by developing a clear understanding of different types of biases, their mechanisms, and their scope. The project pursues these goals by taking the following steps:(1) Providing a taxonomy of biases in scientific inquiry,(2) distinguishing ways in which biases operate and elucidating each with examples from current scientific inquiry,(3) analyzing how biases impact the epistemic goals of research,(4) identifying and discussing different proposals for counteracting biases in research and(5) presenting a moral evaluation of the introduction of biases in research, identifying cases of moral accountability for biased research processes.

该项目旨在提供哲学分析，有助于更好地理解科学中的偏见机制。在科学哲学方面，最近的研究已经形成了一种新的共识，即科学并非没有价值，并且包括社会和政治价值在内的价值在研究过程中发挥着不同的作用。很明显，价值观有时有助于科学的认知和社会目标，而有时，它们可能对科学实现这些目标的能力产生有害影响，特别是通过导致有偏见的研究结果。该项目的主要目标是澄清价值观在科学研究中的负面作用，特别是它们有时产生的偏见影响。特别是，该项目将通过对不同类型的偏见、其机制和范围的清晰理解来改善科学哲学的研究现状。该项目通过采取以下步骤来实现这些目标：(1) 提供科学探究中偏见的分类，(2) 区分偏见的运作方式，并用当前科学探究的例子来阐明每种偏见，(3) 分析偏见如何影响研究的认知目标，(4) 识别和讨论消除研究中偏见的不同建议，(5) 提出对引入偏见的道德评估。 研究中的偏见，识别有偏见的研究过程的道德责任案例。