A Study on the Formative Process of the Residential Environment in Marginal Areas of Tokyo in the Modern Ages

首先，以荒川区为例，从战前廉价住宅区的发展角度，对近代东京边缘地区居住环境的形成过程进行了综合分析。由于明治时代以后大量大型植物的种植和1923年关东大地震后人口的流入，开发了聚落周围原有的耕地，荒川区的现代住宅区迅速形成。利用1939年荒川区火灾保险地图详细还原空间构成时的街道（小巷）形态和建筑物类型。认为这种居住环境的差异是由城市化前边缘区的空间条件所决定的。并从以下四个角度考察了其具体形成过程。（1）将大名故居改建为新海一（新开辟的土地）（2）各种城市规划对旧耕地的土地重新分配（3）有缺陷的住宅区的改善（4）旧住区出租屋的管理此外，将这些特点与城市中部的日本桥和京桥地区进行比较，阐明了由马赛克状城市肌理构成的东京边缘区城市形成过程的历史特征。

Firstly the synthetic analysis for Arakawa-ku as a case was added about the formative process of the residential environment in marginal areas of Tokyo in the modern ages from the viewpoint of the development of the tenement house districts of the prewar term. The modern residential sections of Arakawa-ku were formed rapidly, with developing the cultivated field which had existed around the settlements, by the advancement of a lot of large plants after Meiji Era and the population inflow after Kanto great earthquake disaster in 1923.It is proved that there were the typical local differences in the block patterns, street (alley) patterns and building types when that spatial composition is restored in detail by use of the fire insurance map of Arakawa-ku in 1939. It considers that such differences in the residential environment were formed by the preceding spatial conditions of marginal area before urbanization. And was examined the concrete formative process from four viewpoints as follows.(1)Redevelopment of the old Daimyo residence as Shinkaichi (newly-opened land)(2)Land reallocation of the old cultivated field area by various city planning(3)Improvement of the defective residential sections(4)Management of rented houses in the old settlement areaMoreover, those characteristics are compared with Nihonbashi and Kyobashi area in the central part of the city, and clarified the historical characters of the formative process in marginal areas of Tokyo which composed by the mosaic-shaped urban fabric.