The research of the health influence for the fumigating worker of the cultural assets by the alternative substances of Methyl Bromide

在蒙特利尔议定书收紧约国家会议上，甲基溴被指定为破坏臭氧层的物质，从2005年1月起禁止生产用于文化资产熏蒸的甲基溴。对甲基溴的替代物质进行了研究，碘甲烷（MI）、环氧丙烷（PO）、氟硫酰（FS）和环氧乙烷（EO）是它们的候选物质。本研究是为了协助评估文化资产熏蒸工人对甲基溴替代物质的暴露而实施的，由于个人采样器对MI的测量，许多数据的值超过标准值（TLV-TWA）2 ppm：剂量（几何平均值1.82ppm，范围23.07 ~ 0.30ppm）以及泄漏检查和附加剂量工作（12.4ppm，33.90 ± 0.40ppm），释放气体功（6.16ppm，11.40 ± 2.08ppm）。对于PO，测量结果低于标准值（TLV-TWA）2 ppm，不释放气体功：剂量 关于我们 （0.52ppm、2.78 × 0.19ppm）、泄漏检查和附加剂量功（0.67ppm、1.30 × 0.39ppm）、释放气体功（2.39ppm、18.96 × 0.50ppm）。对于EO，仅一人在释放气体工作时的值为1.28ppm，而可接受浓度为1 ppm。尿碘（MI）和尿氟（FS）作为目前可分析的物质，作为工人接触的指标，已开始实施。结果表明，高浓度的接触碘的结果为MI。在健康障碍问卷调查中，无一名工人出现异常申诉，这些熏蒸剂暴露浓度的差异在于：1）熏蒸剂的沸点不同，高沸点的MI在现有化油器上难以挥发，因此在化油器的调整中有工人暴露。2)由于熏蒸前密封条的使用方法不同，在密封条使用不充分的情况下，熏蒸后会发生大量的熏蒸剂泄漏，经常需要追加熏蒸剂量，为了减轻使用这些替代物质时工人的暴露，有必要对每种熏蒸剂制定操作规程，实施工作环境的测量和健康检查项目的确定与实施。少

Methyl Bromide was specified as the destructive substance of ozone layer at Montreal Protocol tightening approximately country conference, the production of methyl Bromide for fumigation of cultural assets was forbidden from January 2005. The study of alternative substances of Methyl Bromide was practiced, Methyl Iodide(MI), Propylene Oxide(PO), Fluoride Sulfuryl(FS), and Ethylene Oxide (EO) are candidate for them. This study was put into practice for aid of evaluation of exposure of fumigation worker of the cultural assets for the alternative substances of Methyl Bromide.As a result of measurement by personal sampler for MI, the value were over standard value (TLV-TWA) 2ppm in many data : the dose (the geometric mean value 1.82ppm, the extent 23.07〜0.30ppm) and the leakage check and additional dose work (12.4ppm,33.90〜0.40ppm), releasing gas work ( 6.16ppm, 11.40〜2.08ppm). For PO, the result of measurement were under standard value (TLV-TWA) 2ppm without releasing gas work : the dose … More (0.52ppm, 2.78〜0.19ppm), the leakage check and additional dose work (0.67ppm, 1.30〜0.39ppm), the releasing gas work ( 2.39ppm, 18.96〜0.50ppm).For FS, the values were under the standard value (TLV-TWA) 5ppm in all data. For EO, the value was 1.28ppm for only one person at the releasing gas work against the acceptable concentration 1ppm. As the substance which can be analyzed at present as the index of exposure of worker, the analysis of Iodine in Urine(MI) and Fluorine(FS) were put into practice. The result indicated the high concentration of exposure for MI from the result of Iodine. There were no worker who appeals out of order at the questionnaire survey of the healthy obstacle.The difference of the concentration of exposure by these fumigant are : 1) the boiling point of the fumigants are different and MI of high boiling point was hard to evaporate at the existing carburetor, therefore workers were exposed in the adjustment of the carburetor. 2) The technique of the weather strip before dose were different, a great volume of leakage of the fumigant broke out after dose at the fumigation in the inadequate condition of the weather strip, the additional dose were done frequently.For the sake of lightening of the exposure of the worker by using of these alternative substances, it is necessary that we make out the code of practice for each fumigant, practice the measurement of work circumstance and decide and execute of the physical checkup item. Less