Development of a new monitoring system for atmospheric environment in Beijing, China, and its evaluation for environmental countermeasure using dynamic analysis

北京新型大气环境监测系统的开发及其动态分析环境对策评价

• 批准号: 16404002
• 负责人: TANAKA Shigeru
• 金额: $ 8.64万
• 依托单位: Keio University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16404002/
• 关键词: Determination of chemical species; Environmental analysis; Air quality; East Asia; Hazardous materials; Toxic trace metals; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Aerosols; 地球化学; 長期的動向; 微量金属; 水溶性イオン成分

Daily concentrations of trace metals in aerosols collected at Tsinghua University, Beijing, China from March 2001 to March 2006 were measured by using Laser Ablation/ICP-MS analysis. The source identification and long-term trend of aerosol in Beijing, China were investigated by using these data. All metal concentrations in aerosols in Beijing were higher than those in Tokyo in Japan. Especially, the concentration of As originated from coal combustion was over 25 times higher than that of Tokyo. The long-term trend of metal concentration was examined by using regression analysis. The concentrations of heavy metals as Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb were increasing by 4.9%〜19.8% per year from March 2001 to February 2006.The concentrations of PAHs in aerosol samples collected from September 2003 to April 2006 in Beijing, China were determined by the developed method in this study. SPAHs, which is the sum of the concentrations of all detected PAHs, was 188.4ア317.9 ng/m^3 (n=114), and this was about 100 times higher than that in Tokyo, Japan. The El3AHs concentration in the heating season was 10.7 times higher than that in the non-heating season. The strong seasonal variation in atmospheric PAHs concentration is possibly due to coal combustion for residential heating in winter. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) method was applied to source identification of PAHs in aerosols. Coal combustion, waste incineration, wood burning and motor vehicles were identified as major sources of PAHs in aerosols. In the heating season, the sum of contributions of coal combustion, waste incineration, wood burning were about 70%. Therefore, it was considered that these sources released large amount of PAHs. The contributions of these three sources in the heating season were more than 10 times higher than in the non-heating season.

利用激光烧蚀/电感耦合等离子体质谱（Laser Ablation/ICP-MS）技术，对2001年3月至2006年3月清华大学大气气溶胶中痕量金属元素的日浓度进行了测定。利用这些资料对北京地区大气气溶胶的源识别和长期变化趋势进行了研究。北京市气溶胶中各种金属浓度均高于日本东京。特别是，来自燃煤的砷浓度比东京高出25倍以上。通过回归分析，对金属浓度的长期趋势进行了研究。2001年3月至2006年2月，北京市大气中Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb等重金属的浓度以每年4.9%~ 19.8%的速度递增。SPAHs是所有检测到的多环芳烃浓度的总和，为188.4 × 317.9 ng/m^3（n=114），这比日本东京高出约100倍。采暖季的E13 AHs浓度是非采暖季的10.7倍。大气中多环芳烃浓度的季节性变化很大，可能是由于冬季居民采暖燃煤造成的。将正矩阵因子分解（PMF）方法应用于大气气溶胶中多环芳烃的源识别。煤燃烧、废物焚烧、木材燃烧和机动车辆被确定为气溶胶中多环芳烃的主要来源。在采暖季，燃煤、垃圾焚烧、木材燃烧的贡献之和约为70%。因此，可以认为这些来源释放了大量的多环芳烃。这三种污染源在采暖季的贡献比非采暖季高10倍以上。

项目成果

中国におけるエアロゾル汚染

中国气溶胶污染

• 作者: 奥田知明;田中茂;He;Kebin;Ma;Yongliang
• 通讯作者: Yongliang

The impact of volcanic gases from Miyake island on the chemical constituents in precipitation in the Tokyo metropolitan area.

三宅岛火山气体对东京都市区降水化学成分的影响

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Science of the Total Environment 341
• 作者: Okuda;T.;Iwase;T.;Ueda;H.;Suda;Y.;Tanaka;S.;Dokiya;Y.;Fushimi;K.;Hosoe;M.
• 通讯作者: M.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the aerosol in Beijing, China, measured by aminopropylsilane chemically-bonded stationary-phase column chromatography and HPLC/fluorescence detection

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.01.064
• 发表时间: 2006-10-01
• 期刊: CHEMOSPHERE
• 影响因子: 8.8
• 作者: Okuda, Tomoaki;Naoi, Daisuke;Zhang, Dihan
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Dihan

Long-term trend of chemical constituents in precipitation in Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan, from 1990 to 2002.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.07.024
• 发表时间: 2005-03
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: T. Okuda;Tamami Iwase;Hideko Ueda;Y. Suda;Shigeru Tanaka;Y. Dokiya;K. Fushimi;M. Hosoe

Mass concentration and mineralogical characteristics of aerosol particles collected at Dunhuang during ACE-Asia

• DOI: 10.1007/s00376-006-0291-z
• 发表时间: 2006-03
• 期刊: Advances in Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Zhenxing Shen;Junji Cao;Xuxiang Li;T. Okuda;Yaqiang Wang;Xiaoye Zhang