Effect of Helicobacter heilmannii infection on gastric parietal cell and stem cell

海尔曼尼螺杆菌作为一种人畜共患病在人和其他哺乳动物的胃中定植，但其病理意义仍存在争议。许多报告显示缺乏对胃泌素水平的影响，而这种杆菌在胃底区的定位仍有待澄清。因此，本研究旨在观察类海曼螺杆菌(HHLO)在胃底和胃窦区的分布及其对壁细胞酸性分泌功能的影响。用抗幽门螺杆菌单抗的间接免疫荧光法和电子显微镜观察HHLO的定位。通过细胞内小管和小管泡的结构来评价壁细胞的形态变化，即刺激、部分刺激、静息和恢复。免疫组织化学方法观察H，K-ATPase免疫反应和caspase免疫反应。此外，还对HHLO与Musashi-1免疫反应细胞的关系进行了研究，结果表明，HHLO在胃窦粘膜中主要分布在粘液层，而在胃底区的腺腔小体和粘液层中均可见细菌。通过电子显微镜和激光共聚焦显微镜观察，在壁细胞的细胞内小管中发现了一些细菌，如图所示。TUNEL法和caspase3、8、9免疫反应显示，约1/3的细胞进入凋亡状态。在HHLO治疗组，壁细胞的Musashi-1免疫反应性也增加。综上所述，HHLO可影响许多壁细胞，导致壁细胞在某种干细胞相关功能中的激活。

Helicobacter heilmannii has been reported to colonize the stomach of both human and other mammals as a zoonosis, while its pathological significance is still controversial. Many reports have shown lack of effects on gastrin levels, while the localization of this bacillus in the fundic area still remains to be clarified. Thus, the present study was undertaken to observe the localization of Helicobacter heilmannii-like organism (HHLO) in the fundic and antral area of the stomach and its effect on the acid secretory function of the parietal cells.C3H mice, infected with HHLO for twelve months were used in the following experiments. The localization of the HHLO was observed by the indirect immunofluorescence method using monoclonal antibodies against Helicobacter pylori and by electron microscopy. The parietal cell function was estimated by the morphological changes of the parietal cells ; i.e. the stimulated, partially stimulated, resting and returning by the structure of the intracellular canaliculi and tubulovesicles. H+, K+-ATPase immunoreactivity as well as caspase immunoreactivities was also observed by the immunohistochemical method. In addition, relation of HHLO to Musashi-1 immunoreactive cells were also investeigated.As a result, HHLO in the antral mucosa were mostly seen in mucus layer, but in the fundic area bacilli were found in the body of the glandular lumen as well as in the mucus layer. By electron microscopic and confocal laser microscopic observation, some bacilli were recognized in the intracellular canaliculi of the parietal cells as shown in the figure. Tunel method and caspase 3, 8 and 9 immunoreactivities revealed that about one third of these cells fell into apoptosis. Musashi-1 immunoreacitivity in the parietal cells has also increased in the HHLO treated group. In conclusion, HHLO was shown to affect many parietal cells, resulting in the activation of the parietal cells in some kind of stem cell-related function.