Effect of Helicobacter heilmannii infection on gastric parietal cell and stem cell

据报道，人类和其他哺乳动物的胃中都有幽门螺杆菌作为人畜共患病定植，但其病理意义仍有争议。许多报告显示缺乏对胃泌素水平的影响，而这种芽孢杆菌在基底区的定位仍有待澄清。因此，本研究旨在观察海曼螺杆菌样生物（Helicobacter heilmannii-like organism， HHLO）在胃底区和胃窦区的定位及其对胃壁细胞泌酸功能的影响。实验采用感染HHLO 12个月的C3H小鼠。采用幽门螺杆菌单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光法和电镜观察HHLO的定位。通过壁细胞的形态变化来判断壁细胞的功能；即细胞内小管和小管囊的结构刺激、部分刺激、休息和返回。用免疫组织化学方法观察H+、K+- atp酶和caspase的免疫反应性。此外，我们还研究了HHLO与Musashi-1免疫反应细胞的关系。因此，胃窦粘膜的HHLO多见于黏液层，但在基底区腺管体和黏液层均可见到杆菌。通过电镜和激光共聚焦显微镜观察，在壁细胞的胞内小管中发现了一些杆菌，如图所示。Tunel法和caspase 3、8和9免疫反应显示，约三分之一的细胞发生凋亡。在HHLO治疗组中，壁细胞的Musashi-1免疫反应性也有所增加。综上所述，HHLO可影响许多壁细胞，从而激活壁细胞的某些干细胞相关功能。

Helicobacter heilmannii has been reported to colonize the stomach of both human and other mammals as a zoonosis, while its pathological significance is still controversial. Many reports have shown lack of effects on gastrin levels, while the localization of this bacillus in the fundic area still remains to be clarified. Thus, the present study was undertaken to observe the localization of Helicobacter heilmannii-like organism (HHLO) in the fundic and antral area of the stomach and its effect on the acid secretory function of the parietal cells.C3H mice, infected with HHLO for twelve months were used in the following experiments. The localization of the HHLO was observed by the indirect immunofluorescence method using monoclonal antibodies against Helicobacter pylori and by electron microscopy. The parietal cell function was estimated by the morphological changes of the parietal cells ; i.e. the stimulated, partially stimulated, resting and returning by the structure of the intracellular canaliculi and tubulovesicles. H+, K+-ATPase immunoreactivity as well as caspase immunoreactivities was also observed by the immunohistochemical method. In addition, relation of HHLO to Musashi-1 immunoreactive cells were also investeigated.As a result, HHLO in the antral mucosa were mostly seen in mucus layer, but in the fundic area bacilli were found in the body of the glandular lumen as well as in the mucus layer. By electron microscopic and confocal laser microscopic observation, some bacilli were recognized in the intracellular canaliculi of the parietal cells as shown in the figure. Tunel method and caspase 3, 8 and 9 immunoreactivities revealed that about one third of these cells fell into apoptosis. Musashi-1 immunoreacitivity in the parietal cells has also increased in the HHLO treated group. In conclusion, HHLO was shown to affect many parietal cells, resulting in the activation of the parietal cells in some kind of stem cell-related function.