Study on the local neural circuitry involved in the oro-facial sensory expression

三叉神经降压反应(TDR)是临床上对颌面部进行伤害性刺激后的一种重要的血管反应。猫的心血管反应与刺激前平均动脉压(MABP)和心率(HR)有统计学相关性。当刺激前MBP和HR分别高于95 mm Hg和140次/min时，可诱发三叉神经降压反应。当刺激前MBP和HR分别低于95 mm Hg和140次/min时，可诱发升压反应。这些结果与疼痛是一种保持内环境的动态平衡情绪的方面是一致的。肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、γ氨基丁酸、肾上腺素受体、α_A、GABA_B和甘氨酸受体免疫阳性神经元沿交感反射通路分布于延髓和三叉神经下核。分析两种温度组(常模…)对NO神经毒性的影响更多的温度，37℃；深低温，22℃)。低温不能通过作用于NO诱导的机制对神经元提供足够的保护，因此我们推测，一旦NO在缺血期间被释放，低温可能就不能提供神经保护。在大鼠后爪皮下注射弗氏佐剂(CFA)前4小时于腰椎膨大处鞘内注射c-fos反义寡核苷酸(ODN)。注射CFA后2小时，c-fos反义寡核苷酸可降低脊髓背角c-fos的表达。经c-fos反义寡核苷酸处理后，小鼠的热过敏行为也明显减轻。C-Fos上调可能与强啡肽上调密切相关，强啡肽上调通过NMDA受体介导伤害性感受功能。因为c-Fos与c-jun形成杂二聚体，并与顺式作用元件AP-1结合。有证据表明，雌激素受体直接与雌激素受体结合部位结合，激活AP-1位点。我们的想法是，中枢神经系统中的疼痛调节在男性和女性、年轻人和老年人以及气味刺激和非刺激之间是不同的。我们有未发表的数据表明，面部皮肤注射福尔马林后，男性和女性的疼痛相关行为(PRB)有很大不同。雄性PRB在暴露在柠檬精油气味刺激下一周后变成了雌性。较少

The trigeminal depressor response (TDR) is a critical vascular response following nociceptive stimulation of the ore-facial area in the clinic. There was statistical correlation between cardiovascular response and prestimulus mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and heart rate (HR) in cats. A trigeminal depressor response was induced when the prestimulus MBP and HR were above 95 mmHg and 140 beats/min, respectively. A vasopressor response was induced when the pretimulus MBP and HR were below 95 mmHg and 140 beats/min, respectively. These results are consistent with the aspect that pain is a homeostatic emotion to keep the internal environment. Neurons immunopositive for adrenaline, noradrenaline, and γaminobutyric acid (GABA), and adrenaline ^<α2A>, GABA_A, GABA_B, and glycine receptors were distributed along the sympathoreflexive route including the rostroventral medulla and infratrigeminal nucleus. The degree of neurotoxicity induced by NO was analyzed in two temperature groupes (norm … More othermia, 37℃ ; deep hypothermia, 22℃) of cultured E16 Wistar rat cortical neurons. Hypothermia does not provide adequate protection to the neurons by acting on the mechanisms evoked by NO, so we speculate that hypothermia may not confer neuroprotection once NO is released during ischemia. A c-fos antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) was intrathecally administered at the lumbar enlargement 4 hrs before subcutaneous injection of comlete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the rat hind paw. The c-Fos expression in the spinal dorsal horn 2hrs after the injection of CFA was reduced by the pre-treatment with the c-fos antisense ODN. Thermal hyperalgesic behavior was also reduced for a couple of days by the pre-treatment with the c-fos antisense ODN. The c-Fos upregulation could intimately relate with the dynorphin upregulation that mediate pronociceptive function through NMDA receptors. As c-Fos make hetero-dimer with the c-Jun and binds to a cis-acting element, AP-1 site. There is evidence that estrogen receptor directly binds to estrogen receptor binding site and activate AP-1 site. We have an idea that the pain regulation in the central nervous system is different between male and female, young and old and odorant-stimulated and non-stimulated. We have unpublished data that pain related behavior (PRB) is quite different between male and female following formalin injection into the facial skin. The male PRB became female type after one-week exposure to a odorant stimulation with a essential oil of lemon. Less