Morpho-functional study of trigeminal neurons in the brain stem that are involved in oro-facial sensori-motor function.

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A member of DNA binding proteins, c-Fos was upregulated in neurons of the trigeminal sensory nucleus after electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion. The expression was dependent on the intensify of the stimulation and the positive neurons were distributed in a nucleus specific manner. In the subnucleus caudalis (SpVc), most labeled neurons were in the superficial zone in its full extetent of the dorsomedial ventrolateral axis. In the oral subnucleus, c-Fos-positive neurons appeared only in the dorsomedial subnucleus. The c-Fos expression induced by a low intensity stimulation (0.1 mA), which activates A-beta fibers, and a high intensity stimulation (1.0 mA) which activates also C-fibers, was differently regulated by preadministration of GABAA and GABAB receptors agonist and antagonist. The segmental and supraspinal intensity-dependent GABA ergic regulation in the trigeminal sensory nucleus has been in plicated. Intrathecal administration of c-fos antisense oligodeoxynucleotide … More reduced adjuvant induced cFos expression and prolonged thermal hyperalgesia but not normal nociception. Thus c-Fos expression after nociception is involved in maintenance and/or development of hyperalgesia. Electrical stimulation of the somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex is applied in many patients suffering from intractable pain with good to excellent pain relief. We demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the secondary sensory area of the cortex significantly decreased the number of formalin-induced c-Fos expression in the SpVc. A neuronal nitric oxide synthase (n-NOS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosohate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) is expressed in discrete population of neurons in the trigeminal sensory nucleus. Transection of masseteric nerve induced de novo expression of NADPH-d in the trigeminal motor nucleus and mesencephalic nucleus. The n-NOS expressed similarly with the NADPH-d expression, however delayed about one week. Immunohistochemical distribution of calcium binding proteins, calbindin, calretinin and parvalbumin and enzyme histochemical distribution of NADPH-d has been examined. Less