Morpho-functional study of nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons in the brain stem that are involved in oral sensori-motor function.

表达神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）或烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸-黄递酶（NADPH-d）的神经元被认为按需产生一氧化氮（NO）。NADPH-d活性和空间分布的特点与神经损伤和WGA-HRP标记的中央终末领域从内和口周传入的组织化学。在尾侧亚核（SpVc），标记神经元大多数位于浅层，少数位于大细胞区。SpVo/Sn和背内侧SpVc内NADPH-d阳性神经元主要与舌神经的跨神经节标记终末野重叠，部分与下牙槽神经、颏神经和鼓索神经的终末野重叠。当舌神经被切断时，双侧SpVo/Sn中NADPH-d阳性神经元的数量在统计学上显著减少。对舌神经和/或牙髓的炎性损伤显著增加 ...更多信息 SpVo/Sn和SpVc中NADPH-d阳性神经元数。因此，SpVo/Sn和SpVc的NADPH-d阳性神经元可以接受来自口内结构，特别是舌的初级传入信息并受其调节。神经切断后原代神经元表达的nNOS活性参与神经再生。因为全身给予L-硝基精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME; NOS阻断剂）减少了再生的下牙槽神经进入牙髓的数量。将完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）注射到后足垫中诱导延长的痛觉过敏超过一周。注射CFA后3天，L4-5背角NADPH-d和NOS阳性神经元数目增加。给予L-NAME可减少佐剂诱导的延长的热痛觉过敏，但不能减少正常的伤害性感受和急性痛觉过敏。因此，脊髓背角中NO的增加可能参与维持痛觉过敏和/或延长病理性伤害感受。少

Neurons that express neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) or Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) are considered to produce nitric oxide (NO) on demand. NADPH-d activity and the spatial distribution were characterized histochemically with nerve insults and the WGA-HRP-labeled central terminal fields from the intra- and peri-oral afferents. In the subnucleus caudalis (SpVc), most labeled neurons were in the superficial zone, and smaller numbers were in the magnocellular zone. The NADPH-d-positive neurons in the SpVo/Sn and the dorsomedial SpVc overlapped mostly with the transganglionically labeled terminal field from the lingual nerve, partly with the terminal field from the inferior alveolar, mental and chorda tympani nerves. A statistically significant reduction in the number of NADPH-d-positive neurons was seen bilaterally in SpVo/Sn when the lingual nerve was transected. Inflammatory insults to the lingual nerve and/or tooth pulps significantly increased … More the number of NADPH-d-positive neurons in SpVo/Sn, and SpVc. Thus NADPH-d-positive neurons in the SpVo/Sn and SpVc could receive and be regulated by primary afferent inputs from intra-oral structures especially from the tongue. Activity of nNOS that expressed in primary neurons after nerve transection is involved in nerve regeneration. Because systemic administration of L-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; NOS blocker) decreased the number of regenerated inferior alveolar nerve into the tooth pulp. Injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into hind foot pad induces prolonged hyperalgesia for more than one week. Three days after injection of CFA the number of NADPH-d or NOS-positive neurons increased in the L4-5 dorsal horn. Administration of L-NAME reduced adjuvant induced prolonged thermal hyperalgesia but not normal nociception and acute hyperalgesia. Thus increased NO in the spinal dorsal horn could be involved in maintenance of hyperalgesia and/or prolonged pathological nociception. Less