Activity-dependent regulation of the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and neuronal plasticity

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Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are glycoproteins that carry covalently bound sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains, and more than 30 primary structures of core proteins have been elucidated. CSPGs are main components of extracellular matrix in the central nervous system. The present research program demonstrated following main results.1) The levels of phosphacan proteoglycan was regulated with activity-dependent manner and this downregulation was mediated via proteolysis by tPA action.2) Phosphacan was localized at axonal membrane of parallel fibers in the molecular layer and inhibited adhesion and extension of granule cells and promoted the fasciculation of parallel fibers.3) Cultured cortical neurons were able to construct perineuronal net-like structure without glial cells. This result indicate that perineuronal net is neuronal origin.