Long-term exposure to ozone and green space and its association with respiratory health in adults

长期暴露于臭氧和绿色空间及其与成人呼吸健康的关系

• 批准号: 465782680
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Joachim Heinrich, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Schweizerisches Tropen- und Public Health-Institut (Swiss TPH)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/465782680?language=en
• 关键词: Long; term; exposure; ozone; green

Whilst the adverse effects of particulate matter (PM) exposure are well established, those attributable to ozone are under-investigated, in particular during the last 20 years. The most comprehensive review (Integrated Science Assessment, ISA) on ozone and health by the EPA concluded that findings provide evidence of a “causal relationship” between short-term ozone exposure and respiratory health but only few studies explored the long-term effects of ozone on lung function. There are several strong arguments substantiating the need for ozone-related respiratory health research in Europe: 1) questionable translation of findings from U.S. and Canada to Europe, 2) climate change will increase ozone levels in some areas and will prolong the duration of high ozone concentrations in Europe and 3) the inconsistent findings regarding the association of living close to green neighbourhoods and lung function may be due to a potential confounding with higher ozone levels. We hypothesize that:- Long-term exposure to ozone is negatively associated with lung function development over a follow-up time of 20 years. - Living in green neighborhood assessed by land use-derived green spaces and satellite-derived NDVI has detrimental effects on lung function over a period of 20 years.- Both long-term exposure to ozone and living in green neighborhood have synergistic adverse effects on lung function development over a period of 20 years.Spirometric lung function data from a cohort of almost 6000 adults from 21 study centres in 11 European countries will be used for analyses. Based on geocoded residential addresses, individualized assessment of long-term exposure to ozone including seasonal variation will be the primary exposure of interest. Spirometric lung function over a time period of up to 20 years will be the main outcome. Regression models will be fully adjusted for relevant individual-level demographic and life-style factors, in addition to short-term ozone exposures and long-term exposure to additional air pollutants such as PM2.5, BC, and NO2. Exposure to green space will be determined based on a green neighborhood assessed by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, obtained from satellite-derived Landsat data and proximity of residential address to green spaces.This study has several innovative aspects: long-term effects of ground level ozone exposure on lung function require further study; in view of the expected increase of ozone levels in some regions in Europe due to climate change this project is timely and of high public relevance; the combination of the existing rich longitudinal health database of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey cohort with exposure data on ozone newly generated is elegant, cost effective, and unique; interacting effects of green space and ozone exposure on lung function are plausible but have not been investigated so far.

虽然颗粒物（PM）暴露的不利影响是公认的，但那些可归因于臭氧的研究不足，特别是在过去20年中。美国环保署对臭氧和健康进行的最全面的审查（综合科学评估，伊萨）得出结论，研究结果提供了短期臭氧暴露与呼吸系统健康之间“因果关系”的证据，但只有少数研究探讨了臭氧对肺功能的长期影响。有几个强有力的论据证明欧洲需要进行与臭氧有关的呼吸健康研究：1）从美国和加拿大到欧洲的研究结果翻译有问题，2）气候变化将增加某些地区的臭氧水平，并将延长欧洲臭氧高浓度的持续时间;关于居住在靠近绿色社区和肺功能之间的关联的不一致的研究结果可能是由于与较高的臭氧水平的潜在混淆。我们假设：-长期暴露于臭氧是负相关的肺功能的发展超过20年的随访时间。- 生活在由土地利用衍生的绿色空间和卫星衍生的NDVI评估的绿色社区，在20年的时间内对肺功能有不利影响。长期暴露于臭氧和生活在绿色社区对肺功能发育有协同的不利影响，超过20年。来自11个欧洲国家21个研究中心的近6000名成年人的肺功能数据将用于分析。根据地理编码的居住地址，对臭氧长期暴露（包括季节变化）的个性化评估将是主要的关注暴露。 在长达20年的时间段内的肺功能将是主要的结果。回归模型将针对相关的个人人口和生活方式因素进行全面调整，此外还包括短期臭氧暴露和长期暴露于其他空气污染物（如PM2.5，BC和NO2）。绿色空间的暴露将根据由卫星获得的陆地卫星数据和住宅地址与绿色空间的接近程度获得的归一化差异植被指数评估的绿色社区来确定。鉴于欧洲某些地区的臭氧水平预计将因气候变化而增加，该项目是及时的，具有高度的公众相关性;将欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查队列的现有丰富的纵向健康数据库与新生成的臭氧接触数据相结合，是优雅、具有成本效益和独特的;绿色空间和臭氧暴露对肺功能的相互作用似乎是合理的，但迄今尚未进行研究。