An Empirical Research on the Agricultural Collectivization and the Change of the Village Structure in Post-War East Germany

本文的目的是通过实证研究阐明1952-1961年梅克伦堡-沃尔波梅尔恩的集体化进程和村庄结构的变化。首先，它集中在1）新的和旧的农民村庄之间的差异，2）来自东部地区的农村难民的问题，和3）建设的冲突，如谷仓和房屋内的村庄。在Kreisarchv Bad Dobbirch有28个文件的形成和发展的集体农场的1950年代在这个县。仔细阅读这些著作，我惊讶地发现集体化的多样性，首先，在土地改革实际上导致社会混乱的新农村，集体化是解决这种情况的措施之一。我们在这里发现两个不同的路径液化石油气在20世纪50年代。在几个村庄，一个少数民族团体建立了他们的液化石油气，目的是掌握村庄的物质资源，如谷仓。然而，他们的尝试失败了，因为O ...更多信息 由于“6·17”事件的影响，液化石油气常常被溶解。另一方面，也有一些成功的例子，石油气发展他们的组织对“6月17日”的影响。他们成功地从上面获得了建设新的现代谷仓的资本金。其次，在旧的农民村庄，不仅难民的涌入，而且1952-1953年的反“格罗斯鲍尔”政策对社会结构产生了重大影响。重要的是，村里的其他人同意清洗“格罗斯堡”。本文详细考察的霍亨费尔德液化石油气厂是1953年由一群新农民在一个破旧的“大堡”上利用丰富的物质资源建立起来的。此外，1955年农村农场的被占领，引起了LPG的扩张及其内部结构的变化，并伴随着村外新农村技术官僚的出现。留在村里的“Grossbauern”家庭成员通过结婚、加入LPG和在MTS工作来适应这种情况。少

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the process of collectivization and the change of the village structure empirically in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 1952-1961. Above all it focuses upon 1)the difference between new- and old-farmer villages, 2)the problems of rural refugees from the eastern territories, and 3)conflicts of building such as barns and houses within the village.In Kreisarchv Bad Doberan there are 28 files on forming and development of collective farms of 1950's in this county. I was surprised at the remarkable diversity of collectivization which had emerged from reading them carefully.Firstly in the new farmer villages where land reform had actually lead to the social chaos, the collectivization was one of the measures to resolve this situation. We find here two different paths to LPG in 1950's. In several villages a minority group had founded their LPG for the purpose of holding the material resource of village such as barns. However, they failed in this attempt because o … More f effects of "17 June", furthermore it resulted often in dissolution of the LPG. On the other hand there are some successful examples of LPG which developed their organization against effects of "17 June". They succeeded in obtaining the capital fund from above for building new modern barn.Secondly in the old farmer villages not merely the influx of refugees but also the policy agains "Grossbauer" in 1952-1953 had a significant impact on the social structure. It is important that others in the village agreed the purge of "Grossbauern". The LPG in Hohenfelde, which I have investigated in detail, was founded in 1953 by a group of refugee-new- farmers, based on the rich material resources from a broken-down "Grossbauern". Further, taking the village farm (OLB) in 1955 caused the expansion of LPG and the change of its inner structure, associated with the appearance of new rural technocrat outside village. The family members of "Grossbauern" who remained in village adapted to this situation through getting marriage, joining the LPG, and taking the job in MTS. Less