Analysis on the relationship between longevity-associated mitochondrial DNA polymorphism, HLA type, lifestyle, and health condition

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Mitochondrial DNA 5178 cytosine/adenine (Mt5178 C/A) polymorphism is reportedly associated with longevity in Japanese. The frequency of the Mt5178A genotype is significantly higher in Japanese centenarians than in the general population and it is reported that individuals with Mt5178A are less susceptible to adult-onset diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular disorders, except malignancy, than those with Mt5178C. Mt5178A genotype may exert antiatherogenic effect. We reported that Mt5178 C/A polymorphism is also associated with blood pressure, serum lipid levels, fasting plasma glucose levels and glucose tolerance, serum uric acid levels, intraocular pressure, hematological parameters, serum protein fraction levels, and serum electrolyte levels. Interactions between Mt5178 C/A polymorphism and habitual drinking on blood pressure, serum triglyceride levels, fasting plasma glucose levels and glucose tolerance, serum uric acid levels and intraocular pressure were reported. Interactions between Mt5178 C/A polymorphism and habitual smoking serum triglyceride levels, serum total cholesterol levels, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, red blood cell counts, intraocular pressure and serum protein fraction levels were also reported. Some of these interactions may vary with body mass index. Individual modification of drinking and/or smoking habits based on Mt5178 C/A genotype may improve health conditions, such as blood pressure, serum lipid levels fasting glucose levels and glucose tolerance, and serum uric acid levels. Further investigation into the association between Mt5178 C/A polymorphism and health status may contribute to the establishment of personalized prevention strategies for lifestyle-related diseases.