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Opinion survey of employers and labor unions on handling workers' personal health information

用人单位和工会对劳动者个人健康信息处理的意见调查

基本信息

批准号：
14570369
负责人：
HORIE Seichi
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
University of Occupational and Environmental Health
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14570369/
关键词：
occupational health workers health information privacy labor union medical ethics risk communication health surveillance

项目摘要

In cooperation with Japanese Trade Union Confederation, we mailed 934 labor unions questionnaire in January 2003, to ask their opinions regarding problems and desirable policy on privacy protection while employers are responsible for health information of employees. We received valid answers from 353 unions. Majority approved the record keeping (68.8%) and the perusal (61.8%) of health examination result by employer, in accordance with the existing laws. Some examination items were disallowed to be disclosed to the employer such as family history 11.0%, receipt of medical expenses 16.1%, smoking status 22.0%, body weight 28.9%. Changing the current legislation by requiring the employees or the occupational health professionals to keep personal health record was regarded problematic by 71.7% and 45.3%, respectively ; mainly for fear that the responsibility of employers to protect health of their employee would be weakened. Additionally, 25.2% pointed out the problems in small enterprises without assigned occupational health professionals, and 21.2% unions raised the issue on variety of professional competence. Meanwhile, the use of health information by employer to restrict or change employees' work assignment without their consent was regarded also problematic by 21.2%. At least 11 unions admitted they experienced cases of unwilling transfer, dismissal, or information leakage. This survey described the conflicting legal liability of Japanese employers to protect both health and privacy of the employees. Occupational health professionals should balance interests of employer and employee and propose an effective strategy for the handling health information at workplace.

2003年1月，我们与日本工会联合会合作，邮寄了934个工会问卷，询问他们对隐私保护方面的问题和可取政策的意见，同时雇主对员工的健康信息负有责任。我们收到了353个工会的有效答复。根据现行法律，大多数人赞成雇主保存记录(68.8%)和查阅健康检查结果(61.8%)。家族史11.0%、医疗费用收据16.1%、吸烟状况22.0%、体重28.9%等检查项目不允许向用人单位披露。分别有71.7%和45.3%的人认为改变现行法律，要求雇员或职业健康专业人员保存个人健康记录是有问题的；主要是因为担心雇主保护员工健康的责任会被削弱。此外，25.2%的工会指出了没有指定职业卫生专业人员的小企业存在的问题，21.2%的工会提出了专业能力多样化的问题。与此同时，21.2%的受访者认为，雇主利用健康信息在未经员工同意的情况下限制或改变员工的工作分配也是有问题的。至少有11个工会承认，他们经历过不情愿的调动、解雇或信息泄露的情况。这项调查描述了日本雇主在保护员工健康和隐私方面相互冲突的法律责任。职业卫生专业人员应平衡用人单位和雇员的利益，提出有效的工作场所卫生信息处理策略。