Wound Age Determination of Bruises Using Immunohistological and Molecular Biological Assays.

本研究通过动物实验研究了组织型纤溶酶原激活物（tPA）和纤维连接蛋白（FN）mRNA表达及炎症细胞动力学对创伤时间推断的应用价值。用2块直径3mm的带孔铁板压迫小鼠背部皮肤造成挫伤。在损伤后1、3、8、24、72、144或240小时处死小鼠。tPA mRNA表达于伤后1 h达高峰，72 h略有增加。在损伤前后的表皮细胞、成纤维细胞和内皮细胞中检测到，并且分别在中性粒细胞中从3小时起和巨噬细胞中从72小时起检测到。tPA被认为在组织重塑的第一步中起重要作用。tPA mRNA表达后期略有增加，可能与表皮增生有关。另一方面，纤连蛋白mRNA的表达呈双相性。伤后1h达高峰，144h明显升高。纤维连接蛋白的急性升高可能是由于机械损伤的组织反应和凝血级联反应的激活。成纤维细胞的增殖是晚期峰值的主要原因。检查显微镜下的变化，如炎症细胞动力学和表皮增厚，与tPA，纤连蛋白和其他细胞因子的mRNA表达的相关性，将是在急性和慢性期瘀伤愈合和约会的信息。

An animal experimental study was carried out to investigate availability of mRNA expressions of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and fibronectin, and inflammatory cell dynamics for wound age estimation of bruises. The bruises ware made by compressing the dorsal skin of mice with 2 iron plates with holes, 3mm in diameter. The mice were killed at 1, 3, 8, 24, 72, 144, or 240 hours post-injury. tPA mRNA expression peaked at 1 hour, and increased slightly at 72 hours post-injury. It was detected in epidermal cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells before and after injury, and from 3 hours in neutrophils and from 72 hours in macrophages, respectively. tPA was considered to play an essential role in the first step of tissue remodeling. A slight increase of tPA mRNA expression at later phase might be related to epidermal proliferation. On the other hand, expression of fibronectin mRNA was biphasic. It peaked at 1 hour, and significantly increase at 144 hours post-injury. Acute increase of fibronection would be due to tissue reaction of mechanical injury, and activation of coagulation cascade. Proriferation of the fibroblasts would be major cause of the late phase peak. Examination of the correlation of microscopic changes, such as inflammatory cell dynamics and epidermal thickening, with mRNA expression of tPA, fibronectin and other cytokines, would be informative for bruise healing and dating in the acute and chronic phases.