The novel roles of mast cells and fibroblasts in the tissue remodelling of pulmonary fibrosis

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Mast cells are supposed to have important roles in tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and fibrosis. In the lungs with pulmonary fibrosis, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the number of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expressing mast cells (MCs) increases in the lungs with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), reflecting degree of fibrosis. In the fibrotic lungs, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) positive myofibroblasts, type II pneumocytes, alveolar macrophages increased, and that those cells expressed the receptors of bFGF, such as Flg (FGFR1) and Bek (FGFR2). Mast cells may affect fibroproliferative response in IPF, suggesting bFGF may have roles in the fibtroproliferative responce. Interestingly, mast cells and fibroblats work together in the tissue remodelling, controlling the amount of bFGF, matrix metalloproteinases, tryptase, and collagen deposition, in vitro model.We conclude mast cells and fibroblasts have important roles in the tissue remodelling in the pulmonary fibrosis.