Change and acquisition of verbal structures

言语结构的改变和习得

• 批准号: 469306707
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Achim Stein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Romanistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/469306707?language=en
• 关键词: Change; acquisition; verbal; structures

This project investigates change in verb classes, focusing on French. As starting points it takes acquisitional and historical findings on semantic and syntactic class-defining properties. The assumption is that, in language change and in acquisition likewise, verb classes are the product of verbal properties and as such secondary entities. This does not come as a surprise, given that the facets of verb meanings are taken to be grammatically relevant, but it opens a new view on how verb classes are acquired and how they change. In acquisition, it accounts for the fact that some verb classes are acquired later than others or that they are never fully acquired, i.e. continue to show variation even when used by adults. In diachrony, it accounts for inconsistencies, i.e., verb classes not changing as a whole but only with respect to some of their properties. Although lexical and textual resources are available for historical French, diachronic changes have not yet been investigated from this perspective. This project aims at filling the gap by concentrating on French verb classes (dative monotransitives) and structural properties (unaccusativity) that are well documented or have been covered by previous historical studies and which therefore constitute a solid basis for the interdisciplinary research in the research unit "Structuring the Input in Language Processing, Acquisition, and Change" (SILPAC). The overarching research question for this project is: What is the empirical evidence for a verb class to be historically productive, and how can it be related to processing as well as the Tolerance Principle? Consistent with the approach of SILPAC, this project will investigate if the changes observed in diachrony can be elicited in processing experiments (SILPAC's key features 1 and 4), if changes arise in the lifespan of individual authors (key feature 2), how lexical and grammatical properties compete as triggers of change (key feature 3), and if historical resources are a quantitative basis for the application of learning models (key feature 4).

这个项目调查动词类别的变化，重点是法语。作为起点，它采用了关于语义和句法类定义属性的习得和历史发现。本文的假设是，在语言变化和习得中，动词类都是动词属性的产物，并作为次要实体。这并不令人惊讶，因为动词意义的各个方面被认为在语法上是相关的，但它打开了一个关于动词类别是如何获得以及它们是如何变化的新视角。在习得方面，它解释了这样一个事实，即一些动词类别的习得时间晚于其他动词类别，或者它们从未完全习得，即即使在成年人使用时也继续表现出变异。在历时上，它解释了不一致，即动词类别不是作为一个整体改变，而是仅仅相对于它们的部分性质。虽然历史法语已有词汇和语篇资源，但历时变化尚未从这一角度进行研究。这个项目的目的是通过集中研究法语动词类别(与格单及物词)和结构属性(非宾格)来填补这一空白，这些都是以前的历史研究很好地记录或已经涵盖的，因此构成了研究单元“构建语言处理、习得和变化中的输入”(SILPAC)的跨学科研究的坚实基础。这个项目的首要研究问题是：什么是动词类具有历史生产力的经验证据，它如何与加工和容忍原则相关？与SILPAC的方法一致，这个项目将调查在历时中观察到的变化是否可以在加工实验中引起(SILPAC的关键特征1和4)，如果个人作者的寿命发生变化(关键特征2)，词汇和语法属性如何作为变化的触发因素竞争(关键特征3)，以及历史资源是否是应用学习模型的量化基础(关键特征4)。