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Study on relationship between functional and morphological abnormalikties in glaucomatous optic nerve damages.

青光眼视神经损伤功能与形态异常关系的研究。

基本信息

批准号：
14571658
负责人：
TOMITA Goji
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To measure the time course of topographic changes in the optic nerve head by means of a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (HRT) in glaucomatous monkey, chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced by laser trabeculoplasty in the left eye of eleven cynomolgus monkeys. In 5 from 11 monkeys, optic disc parameters were measured by a HRT 12 weeks after the laser treatment, and in the remainder of 6 monkeys, changes in the optic disc parameters were measured before the first laser treatment and then 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 weeks after that. At the end of the experiments, each eye was enucleated and retinal cross sections were prepared for histological analysis. In the laser treatment eyes, IOP was persistently elevated to over 30 mmHg during the experiment period and their elevations were statistically significant as compared with those in the fellow eyes. The HRT parameters except for the disc area changed in time-dependent manner, and were depending on persistent IOP el … More evation during 16-week period. However, changes of parameters reached almost maximum within first 4 weeks after laser treatment. All HRT parameters showed highly significant correlations with the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p<0.05) at 1.5 disc diameter from the center of the disc measured based on histological retinal sections. Our results indicate that quantitative changes in the optic nerve head over time with elevated intraocular pressure can be detected using scanning laser tomography in cynomolgus monkeys.We evaluated the effects of topically administered iganidipine hydrochloride, a novel watersoluble Ca^<2+> channel blacker, on optic nerve head (ONH) circulation in Dutch rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys. Iganidipine significantly increased ONH circulation by 8 to 10 % in treated eyes after a single administration or by 18 to 35 % after 21-day twice-daily administration in rabbits (p<0.05). In monkeys, iganidipine also signifkuntly increased ONH circulation by 20 to 41 % after 7-day (p<0.05) twice-daily administration.The clinical characteristics of filtering blebs were similar in Japanese patients with different types of primary glaucoma. Blebs with a large avascular area were associated with a higher risk of bleb leakage.By three-dimensional image analysis techniques, the optic discs at the atrophic stage of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) eyes have glaucoma-like morphological changes. However, the cups were significantly deeper in NTG than LHON. The similarity in the optic disc findings in LHON and NTG suggests that alterations in mitochondrial function may be related to optic disc excavations.Both latanoprost and timolol single treatment reduced IOP by 13-15% for 3 years in Japanese normal-tension glaucoma patients ; both showed similar effects on visual field performance. Less

为了通过扫描激光检眼镜（HRT）测量青光眼猴视乳头地形图变化的时间过程，在11只食蟹猴左眼中通过激光小梁成形术诱导慢性眼内压（IOP）升高。在11只猴中的5只中，在激光治疗12周后通过HRT测量视盘参数，并且在其余6只猴中，在第一次激光治疗之前以及之后的1、3、4、5、6、8、10、12、14和16周测量视盘参数的变化。在实验结束时，摘除每只眼睛并制备视网膜横截面用于组织学分析。在激光治疗眼中，IOP在实验期间持续升高至30 mmHg以上，并且与对侧眼相比，其升高具有统计学显著性。HRT参数除视盘面积外均呈时间依赖性变化，且与持续性眼压升高有关 ...更多信息在16周的时间里，然而，这些参数的变化几乎在激光治疗后的前4周内达到最大值。所有HRT参数显示与基于组织学视网膜切片测量的距椎间盘中心1.5椎间盘直径处的视网膜神经纤维层厚度高度显著相关（p<0.05）。我们的结果表明，可以使用扫描激光断层扫描技术检测食蟹猴视神经乳头随着时间的推移而发生的眼内压升高的定量变化。我们评估了局部给予盐酸伊加尼地平（一种新型水溶性Ca^<2+>通道阻断剂）对荷兰兔和食蟹猴视神经乳头（ONH）循环的影响。单次给药后，Iganidipine使治疗眼的ONH循环显著增加了8 - 10%，或每天两次给药21天后，使兔的ONH循环显著增加了18 - 35%（p<0.05）。在猴子中，每天两次给药7天后，iganidipine也显著增加ONH循环20 - 41%（p<0.05）。通过三维图像分析技术，发现Leber's遗传性视神经病变（LHON）患者萎缩期视盘具有类似青光眼的形态学改变。然而，NTG中的髋臼杯明显深于LHON。LHON和NTG的视盘结果相似，表明线粒体功能的改变可能与视盘凹陷有关。拉坦前列素和噻吗洛尔单药治疗3年后，日本正常眼压性青光眼患者的IOP降低了13-15%;两者对视野表现的影响相似。少