Study on relationship between functional and morphological abnormalikties in glaucomatous optic nerve damages.

为了在扫描激光检眼镜（HRT）下观察青光眼猴视神经头形态变化的时间过程，对11只食环猴左眼进行激光小梁成形术诱导慢性眼压升高。11只猴子中有5只在激光治疗12周后通过HRT测量视盘参数，其余6只猴子在第一次激光治疗前和第1、3、4、5、6、8、10、12、14和16周后测量视盘参数的变化。实验结束时，取每只眼去核，取视网膜横切面作组织学分析。在实验期间，激光治疗眼的IOP持续升高至30 mmHg以上，与其他眼相比，其升高具有统计学意义。除椎间盘面积外，HRT参数随时间变化，并依赖于持续的IOP水平。然而，在激光治疗后的前4周内，参数的变化几乎达到最大。所有HRT参数均与视网膜组织切片测量的距椎间盘中心1.5盘径处的视网膜神经纤维层厚度呈高度显著相关（p<0.05）。我们的研究结果表明，使用激光扫描断层扫描可以检测到食蟹猴视神经头随眼压升高而随时间的定量变化。我们评估了局部给予盐酸伊甘地平（一种新型水溶性Ca^<2+>通道黑剂）对荷兰兔和食蟹猴视神经头（ONH）循环的影响。在家兔中，伊加地平单次给药后，治疗眼ONH循环显著增加8% ~ 10%，每日两次给药21天后显著增加18% ~ 35% （p<0.05）。在猴子中，每天给药两次的伊加地平在7天后也显著增加了20% ~ 41%的ONH循环（p<0.05）。日本不同类型原发性青光眼患者滤过性水泡的临床特征相似。无血管面积大的水泡与较高的水泡渗漏风险相关。通过三维图像分析技术，在Leber遗传性视神经病变（LHON）眼萎缩期视盘出现青光眼样形态改变。然而，NTG组的茶杯明显比LHON组深。视盘在LHON和NTG中发现的相似性表明线粒体功能的改变可能与视盘挖掘有关。拉坦前列素和替莫洛尔单独治疗3年可使日本正常眼压青光眼患者IOP降低13-15%；两者对视野表现的影响相似。少

To measure the time course of topographic changes in the optic nerve head by means of a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (HRT) in glaucomatous monkey, chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced by laser trabeculoplasty in the left eye of eleven cynomolgus monkeys. In 5 from 11 monkeys, optic disc parameters were measured by a HRT 12 weeks after the laser treatment, and in the remainder of 6 monkeys, changes in the optic disc parameters were measured before the first laser treatment and then 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 weeks after that. At the end of the experiments, each eye was enucleated and retinal cross sections were prepared for histological analysis. In the laser treatment eyes, IOP was persistently elevated to over 30 mmHg during the experiment period and their elevations were statistically significant as compared with those in the fellow eyes. The HRT parameters except for the disc area changed in time-dependent manner, and were depending on persistent IOP el … More evation during 16-week period. However, changes of parameters reached almost maximum within first 4 weeks after laser treatment. All HRT parameters showed highly significant correlations with the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p<0.05) at 1.5 disc diameter from the center of the disc measured based on histological retinal sections. Our results indicate that quantitative changes in the optic nerve head over time with elevated intraocular pressure can be detected using scanning laser tomography in cynomolgus monkeys.We evaluated the effects of topically administered iganidipine hydrochloride, a novel watersoluble Ca^<2+> channel blacker, on optic nerve head (ONH) circulation in Dutch rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys. Iganidipine significantly increased ONH circulation by 8 to 10 % in treated eyes after a single administration or by 18 to 35 % after 21-day twice-daily administration in rabbits (p<0.05). In monkeys, iganidipine also signifkuntly increased ONH circulation by 20 to 41 % after 7-day (p<0.05) twice-daily administration.The clinical characteristics of filtering blebs were similar in Japanese patients with different types of primary glaucoma. Blebs with a large avascular area were associated with a higher risk of bleb leakage.By three-dimensional image analysis techniques, the optic discs at the atrophic stage of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) eyes have glaucoma-like morphological changes. However, the cups were significantly deeper in NTG than LHON. The similarity in the optic disc findings in LHON and NTG suggests that alterations in mitochondrial function may be related to optic disc excavations.Both latanoprost and timolol single treatment reduced IOP by 13-15% for 3 years in Japanese normal-tension glaucoma patients ; both showed similar effects on visual field performance. Less