The relationship between ocular temperature and ocular injury by environmental temperature and non-ionizing radiation

利用数学模型模拟人眼在麦克斯韦视点照明或类似聚焦光束情况下产生的热量传递，以确定人眼温度升高。结果表明，在一定条件下，麦克斯韦视场照明或类似聚焦光束的情况会对透镜造成热损伤（10mW光照使透镜温度升高7℃）。研究了宽带光照射（700 ~ 1400 nm）、YAG激光照射（1064 nm， IRA）、CO_2激光照射（10600 nm， IRC）对白内障的损伤。宽频带光照射引起结膜水肿和眼睑肿胀。在红外线照射期间，由于这些类型的眼外炎症导致眼睑闭合，红外线没有穿透到眼睛的后部。YAG激光暴露引起角膜改变，CO_2暴露引起严重的角膜损伤，但未引起白内障。IRA或IRC暴露时眼内温度的变化测量眼眶后腔、玻璃体、晶状体、前房和眼睑在IRA或IRC暴露时的温度。暴露后即刻眼睑温度为50 ~ 65℃，前房、玻璃体、球后分别为40±1.0℃、38.6±0.1℃、38.2±0.1℃。IRC暴露开始后，前后腔温度迅速升高至41 ~ 42℃。玻璃体温度逐渐升高，但未超过40℃。在IRC暴露期间，后脂肪温度几乎是恒定的。结论非电离暴露后观察到的眼部损伤可能是通过吸收一定波长的热效应发生的，而不是通过非热效应发生的。

Simulation of intraocular temperature rise during exposure of ultraviolet (UV) or visual lightThe transfer of heat generated in the human eye in Maxwellian-view illumination or similar focal-beam situations was simulated using a mathematical model to determine the temperature elevations induced in the eye. It was shown that Maxwellian-view illumination or similar focal-beam situations can cause thermal injury to the lens under certain conditions (The lens temperature increased 7℃ by 10mW exposure).The relationship between cataract formation and infrared exposureOcular injuries by broad band light exposure (700-1,400 nm), YAG laser (1,064 nm、IRA), CO_2 laser (10,600 nm, IRC) were investigated. Broad band light exposure induced conjunctival edema and swollen eyelids. Due to the eyelid closure caused by these types of extraocular inflammation during IR exposure, IR did not penetrate into the posterior part of the eye. YAG laser exposure induced corneal changes and cataract CO_2 exposures caused sever corneal injury, but did not induc cataract.Intraocular temperature changes by IRA or IRC exposureTemperatures of the retrobulbar cavity of the orbit, vitreous, lens, anterior chamber and eyelids were measured during IRA or IRC exposure. The eyelid temperature showed 50-65℃ immediately after exposure, and anterior chamber, vitreous, and retrobullbar were 40±1.0℃, 38.6±0.1℃, 38.2±0.1℃, respectively. The temperature of the anterior and posterior chamber quickly increased to 41-42℃ after the start of IRC exposure.The vitreous temperature gradually increased, but did not exceed 40℃. The retrobluber temperature was almost constant during IRC exposure.ConclusionsEye injuries observed after the non-ionizing exposure might have occurred through the thermal effect due to absorption of certain wavelength, not through the non-thermal effect.