An Analysis of Life Structure by AI Demand System

本研究的目的是通过估计近理想需求系统来分析日本人的生活结构。本研究包括三个方面的分析：1.艾滋病(几乎理想需求系统)对日本人消费结构的分析；(1)1990年代以来日本劳动者家庭消费结构的特征。许多必需品是独立于其他物品的，但奢侈品对其他物品具有显著的替代或补充作用。“教育”不仅被奢侈品取代，而且还被一些必需品取代。(2)疯牛病和禽流感对日本食品消费的影响日本和美国首次爆发的疯牛病对牛肉支出份额的影响程度不同。日本疯牛病疫情对日本牛肉支出产生了很大的负面影响，降低了国内外牛肉支出份额，提高了鸡肉支出份额。艾滋病对一个人家庭消费结构的分析(近乎理想的需求体系)60岁以上的年龄段呈现出与其他年龄段不同的消费模式。对于60岁以上的人来说，收入和支出之间没有相互作用，这可能是因为那些拥有自己住房的人比例很高。交叉价格弹性估计显示，对于34岁以下的人来说，许多项目是独立的。然而，对于60.3岁以上的人来说，几乎所有的项目都是替代或补充的。储蓄意识的AHP分析学生对未来生活的储蓄意识最高，但对风险的防范意识较差。此外，学生的AHP评价以性别、学年、是否与父母住在一起以及他们持有的储蓄金额为特征。

The objective of this research is to analyze the Japanese life structure by estimating Almost Ideal Demand System.This research contains three analyses ;1. The analysis of Japanese consumption structure by AIDS (Almost Ideal Demand System)(1) Characteristics of Japanese workers' households' consumption Structure after 1990A lot of necessity items were independent of other items, but luxury items were notably substitutional or complementary for other items. "Education" was substitutional not only with luxuries but also with some necessity items.(2) The Impact of BSE and Avian Influenza on Food Consumption in JapanThe first BSE outbreak in Japan and in USA had different scale of impact for beef expenditure share. The BSE outbreak in Japan had a great negative impact for beef expenditure in Japan, and it reduced the beef expenditure share both at home and away from home and raised the chicken expenditure share instead.2. The Analysis of One-Person Households' Consumption Structure by AIDS (Almost Ideal Demand System)The age groups over 60 show consumption patterns that are different from those of the other age groups. There is no interaction seen between income and expenses for those over the age of 60 probably because the rate of those owning their own dwelling is high. The cross price elasticity estimates show that many items are independent for those below 34. However, nearly all items are substitution or complementary for those over 60.3. The Analysis of Saving Consciousness by AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)The priority of students' consciousness on saving for "Supporting their future life" was the highest, but theirs in the preparation for the risk were scarce. Furthermore, the students' AHP evaluation was characterized by sex, academic year, staying with parents or not, and the saving amount they held.