Children and school in Modern France -Characteristics of French Educational History-

1.法国初等教育组织的特点法兰西君主制以天主教为先导推动宗教统一。许多学校（petites ecoles）在法国各地建立，教授天主教。应在法国全境建立统一的学校。此后，革命派又试图在全国范围内重新设置初等教育，但目的是传授革命共和主义。在这里，我们可以看到法国小学教育组织的独特性，即学校被视为意识形态的载体和小学的统一性。2.现代家庭带来的学校变化现代家庭的父母非常关心孩子的养育方法。他们为儿童杂志带来了商业上的成功。他们也改变了传统的学校制度。对他们来说，学校应该有一个和平的气氛，他们的孩子应该总是被仔细观察。传统的富家子弟学校（大学）准备好宿舍，等待学生。但家长们更喜欢新的寄宿学校。这些学校曾经只不过是大学的助手。随着现代家庭的出现，他们得以独立和有影响力。

1.Characteristics in Organization of primary education in FranceFrench Monarchy urged religion unification by Catholicism onward. Many schools (petites ecoles) were made in all over France to teach Catholicism. Uniform schools should be created through the French whole land. Afterwards, the revolutionists tried to install primary education with nationwide scale again, but to teach revolutionary republicanism. Here, we can find out French peculiar characteristics in organization of primary education, that is to say, schools regarded as vehicles of ideology and the uniformity of primary schools.2.Changes of schools brought by modern familyParents of modern family were very concerned with child rearing method. They brought commercial success of magazines for children. They also changed the traditional school system. For them, school should have a peaceful atmosphere, and their children should be watched always so carefully. Traditional schools for rich boys (colleges) got dormitories ready and waited for students. But the parents preferred new boarding schools. These schools were once no more than assistants of colleges. They were able to become independent and influential with the appearance of modern family.