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Demonstrative and Comparative Study of Indigenous Peoples' Rights to Cultural Enjoyment and Rights to Intellectual Properties

原住民文化享受权与知识产权权的实证比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
16530014
负责人：
TSUNEMOTO Teruki
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530014/
关键词：
Public Law Indigenous People Ainu People Rights to Cultural Enjoyment Rights to Intellectual Property 民族学知的財産台湾原住民

项目摘要

For the research on concrete guarantee of indigenous peoples' right to cultural enjoyment, the investigator participated in the influence assessment of the Biratori dam construction to the Ainu culture. The Nibutani Dam decision by Sapporo District Court in 1997 indicated that a dam construction might infringe on the right to cultural enjoyment of Ainu people. The cultural assessment in Biratori was conducted in response to this indication. As a result of examining the assessment process in detail, it became clear that, when preserving native culture as guarantee of the right to cultural enjoyment, a suitable participation of the people concerned is indispensable and that the people take an initiative in examination of preservation measures.As to the guarantee of intellectual property rights, the investigator studied the relevant international movements and machineries, such as CBD and WIPO, as well as the state of preservation in a case of Ainu's traditional cultural products, such as Ainu pattern. As a result, it became clear that there is serious limit in protecting native intellectual property within the framework of the Western intellectual property rights system, and that in the case of intellectual properties of Ainu people, they lack a mechanism of managing rights on behalf of the people.Among the problems common to these is that the structure for exercising these rights collectively has yet to be developed at the people's side. About these problems, examination is due to be continued in a research project by the Grand-in-Aid for Scientific Research from 2007 fiscal year.

为了研究如何具体保障土著人民的文化享受权，调查员参加了Biratori大坝建设对阿伊努文化的影响评估。1997年，札幌地区法院对Nibutani大坝案的裁决表明，修建大坝可能侵犯阿伊努人的文化享受权。Biratori的文化评估是针对这一情况进行的。通过对评估过程的详细审查，可以清楚地看到，在保护本土文化以保障文化享受权时，有关人民的适当参与是必不可少的，人民应主动审查保护措施，关于知识产权的保障，调查员研究了有关的国际运动和机构，如《生物多样性公约》和知识产权组织，以及以阿伊努族传统文化产品为例的阿伊努族图案的保存状况。由此可以看出，在西方知识产权制度的框架内，对本土知识产权的保护存在着严重的局限性，而在阿伊努人的知识产权方面，也缺乏代表人民管理权利的机制，其中一个共同的问题是，在人民方面还没有建立起集体行使这些权利的结构。关于这些问题，从2007财政年度起，科学研究补助金的一个研究项目将继续进行审查。