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Study on the Evaluation of Genome Research Infrastructure in Japan and its Proposal Based on Science and Technology Database

基于科技数据库的日本基因组研究基础设施评价研究及建议

基本信息

批准号：
16530172
负责人：
KOMODA Fumio
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
SAITAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Biotechnology research, of which the center is shifting from old biotechnology to the genome science, is expected to give us fruitful results in various fields like the medicine, the medical treatment, agriculture, and the environment, etc. The purpose of our research project is in clarifying the characteristic and problems of Japan's biotechnology research and development systems. In order to do so, (1)the synopsis of biotechnology/genome science had been described, (2)the synopsis had been verified through the search for both bibliographic databases and patent databases, (3)both the competitiveness and research ability in Japan had been evaluated. The definition of biotechnology given by OECD's report in 2005 was used in describing the synopsis. From this analysis, some valuable hypothesis had been gained. Taking an example, Japan's bioresearch is not market oriented, and this causes weak competitiveness in marketplace. For instance, excellent results such as cDNA, DNA chips and so o … More n int sphere of requisite technology seem not to be integrated into genome/biotechnology research and business in Japan. These results were published as "Genome Research Strategy in Japan" and so on.In 2006, the priority of our research was given to technology transfer from Japan to developing country. This is because the significance of biotechnology in economic development in developing countries has been recognized by a lot of international organization and researchers. In reality, bio-related technologies such as bio-ethanol, genetically modified crops, bio-remediation, genome drug discovery and so on would undeniably play a much important role in economic development in 21th century in both developed countries and developing countries, especially in the latter. Impacts of biotechnology on the environment and on the quality of life are undervalued if measured only in terms of economic indicators such as GDP, the number of patents, productivity, added value, or employment. Biotechnology is expected to fulfill a wide range of basic human needs. Therefore, a new economic growth model, "bio-based economy", has been proposed by US National Academy Council, OECD, Japan Bioindustries Association etc. In 2006, therefore, the current states of research and development in typical developing countries had been summarized in brief. These results were published as "Biotechnology and Economic Development in Developing Countries", "Bio-Based Economy and the Opportunities for Developing Countries" and so on.Now, more detailed analysis has been done, especially taking the case of bio-research system in Thailand. Less

生物技术研究的中心正在从旧的生物技术转移到基因组科学，预计将在医学、医疗、农业和环境等各个领域取得丰硕成果。本研究项目的目的是澄清日本生物技术研究和开发系统的特点和问题。为此，（1）描述了生物技术/基因组科学的概要，（2）通过检索书目数据库和专利数据库验证了概要，（3）评价了日本的竞争力和研究能力。在描述概要时使用了经合组织2005年报告中给出的生物技术定义。通过分析，得出了一些有价值的假设。例如，日本的生物研究没有以市场为导向，这导致市场竞争力弱。例如，cDNA、DNA芯片等优秀的结果， ...更多信息在日本，基因组/生物技术研究和商业似乎没有整合必要技术。这些成果被发表为《日本的基因组研究战略》等。2006年，我们的研究重点被确定为从日本向发展中国家的技术转让。这是因为生物技术在发展中国家经济发展中的重要性已被许多国际组织和研究人员所认识。事实上，生物乙醇、转基因作物、生物修复、基因药物开发等生物相关技术必将对21世纪发达国家和发展中国家，特别是发展中国家的经济发展发挥重要作用。如果仅以国内生产总值、专利数量、生产率、附加值或就业等经济指标来衡量，生物技术对环境和生活质量的影响被低估。生物技术有望满足人类广泛的基本需求。为此，美国国家科学院理事会、OECD、日本生物产业协会等提出了一种新的经济增长模式--“生物经济”。这些研究成果发表在《生物技术与发展中国家的经济发展》、《生物经济与发展中国家的机遇》等刊物上。少